Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Kurugundla, C. N.; Kgori, Patrick M.; Moleele, N.

doi:10.5772/28450

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Accordingly, efforts to control human and animal trypanosomiasis, have been focused on the control of tsetse fly populations by aerial spraying insecticides from low-flying planes but also spraying of ‘infested’ bushlands by knapsack-fitted carriers of hand-pumps (e.g. the highly poisonous organochlorides Dieldrin and Endosulphan in the past) and setting up traps (Bollig and Vehrs, 2021; Kurugundla et al, 2012; Molefi, 2008; Skotnes-Brown, 2020). As advocated originally by the Organisation of African Unity and subsequently by the African Union, as well as the FAO, OIE, and the International Atomic Energy Agency, and with the establishment of the Pan-African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication Campaign in 2001, this strategy has been oriented towards the eradication of the flies from the African continent—a strategy that reflects a view of insects (as opposed to disease-carrying ungulates) as ‘awkward creatures’ that are ‘beyond moral obligation’ (Bear, 2021: 1011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technologies were developed, for example, to introduce male flies into the population that were sterilized by radiation, to impede the fly's reproduction (Sterile Insect Technique, see IAEA, 2001). Kurugundla et al (2012) give a good overview of the manifold attempts to get rid of the fly in northern Botswana: they show that despite all efforts none of these strategies has met success in the way that the trypanosome carrying Glossina flies were permanently eliminated from the ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complexities of multispecies coexistence: Animal diseases and diverging modes of ordering at the wildlife–livestock interface in Southern Africa

Dam

Engelen

Müller‐Mahn

et al. 2023

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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The transmission of diseases between wildlife and livestock poses a major challenge to both conservation and livestock sectors in Southern Africa. Focusing on the cases of foot and mouth disease and trypanosomiasis in the Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area, this article explores the complexity of coexistence between humans, livestock, wildlife, vectors and pathogens. Multispecies coexistence, we suggest, is best understood not only through the relations between species, but also as characterized by a collision of modes of ordering. Drawing on expert interviews and a discourse analysis of policy documents and reports, we identify three modes of ordering coexistence: a categorical and increasingly disfavoured mode of species eradication, a territorial mode focused on containment and separation, and an infrastructural mode premised on connectivity between populations, landscapes and ecosystems. Together, these different modes of ordering pose a challenge to scientific knowledge production; where uncertainties present themselves not so much in the form of ignorance or knowledge gaps, but rather in the form of ambiguity: of knowing diseases and species differently. In this view, living with pathogens becomes a matter of recognizing the partiality of knowledge and the positionality of knowledge producers and users, as well as highlighting potential sites of alignment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of multispecies coexistence: Animal diseases and diverging modes of ordering at the wildlife–livestock interface in Southern Africa

Dam

Engelen

Müller‐Mahn

et al. 2023

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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A Review of Insecticide Resistance Status in Botswana

Makate¹

2016

Insecticides Resistance

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For many decades, Botswana has been engaged in various malaria control activities that involved programmes that focused on the elimination of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis, by using DDT and pyrethroids. Despite the numerous and continuous application of these insecticides, studies have shown that there is susceptibility of this vector to DDT and pyrethroids in Botswana. Natural insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Spinosad, as alternatives to the use of chemicals, have shown to be effective against the eggs and larvae of DBM. Insect-resistant crop varieties were also found as alternatives in order to minimise insecticide resistance through the application of insecticides on insect infesting crops. The appearance of esterases B1 and A2-B2 in the Gaborone and Molepolole strains of Culex, respectively, indicates dispersion of these esterases through human migration.

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Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Complexities of multispecies coexistence: Animal diseases and diverging modes of ordering at the wildlife–livestock interface in Southern Africa

Complexities of multispecies coexistence: Animal diseases and diverging modes of ordering at the wildlife–livestock interface in Southern Africa

A Review of Insecticide Resistance Status in Botswana

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