Management of urinary tract infections in pregnancy

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent complications of pregnancy. When the lower UTIs of asymptomatic bacteriuria and cystitis are not eradicated, the subsequent risk of the development of pyelonephritis is increased. The associated decreased maternal morbidity and fetal prematurity are the goals of a screening and treatment program for pregnant women. This clinical article presents information on the etiology, incidence, diagnosis, and management of asymptomatic bacteriuria and cystitis. Nursing implications regarding teaching are included.

Urinary Tract Infection During Pregnancy: A Risk Factor for Cerebral Palsy?

“…In addition, there is increased renal plasma flow with an accompanying increased glomerular filtration rate. The chemical composition of the urine changes to include greater concentrations of glucose, amino acids, and degraded hormones, all of which could facilitate bacterial growth (Hodgman, 1994;Plattner, 1994).…”

“…The sample should be processed immediately or refrigerated to prevent overgrowth. Catheterization should be avoided (Hodgman, 1994). Cost-effective alternatives include urine dipstick to test for nitrites and leukocyte esterase activity or a rapid enzymatic urine screening test.…”