Management options for primary umbilical endometriosis: a case report

Abstract

Background: The common location of Endometriosis is in genitalia organs, for instance, the ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, and sometimes even in the intestine, bladder, and in rare locations such as the navel, lungs, or brain. Umbilical Endometriosis is the most irregular form of Endometriosis and the most common cutaneous form of Endometriosis. Primary umbilical endometriosis diagnosis is often biased and delayed; the exact etiopathology remains unclear. Our case report discusses the diagnosis and management options for this rare disease. Case presentation: We reported a Primary Umbilical Endometriosis case, confirmed by a history of the nodule with pain, swelling, and bleeding at the umbilicus, which occurs during menstruation. The nodule was surgically removed, and histopathological analysis shows fibromycsoid tissue with multiple forms of subepithelial endometrial glands and surrounding stroma, confirmed as Endometriosis. Conclusion: The definitive treatment for umbilical Endometriosis is surgical excision with total removal of the umbilicus. The prognosis is good, and the recurrence rate is meager if complete excision is successfully performed.

Coexistence of Primary Umbilical Endometriosis and Endometrial Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“… 3 , 5 Yet, the precise etiology is still unclear. 10 , 11 There are various hypotheses on the pathophysiology of primary umbilical endometriosis, though. 3 , 12 Endometrial cells can spread through the blood or lymphatic system from the peritoneum to the umbilicus through obliterated umbilical arteries, metaplasia of the urachus remnant, or the release of endometrial cells that can contaminate the emergence of the umbilical cord during labor and delivery.…”

“…The current gold standard for its diagnosis is histopathological confirmation. [10][11][12] A useful invasive diagnostic method is fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Yet, it can result in the nucleation of endometriotic tissue in new locations, worsening the disease.…”

“…7,8,12 There is no clear guideline on the management of umbilical endometriosis. 11 Most reports recommend surgical excision as a treatment of choice. Recurrence following excision is said to be uncommon.…”