Management Transformation in the former Soviet Union - Estonian managers evaluate past and forth- coming Transition

Abstract

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Corporate governance from the stakeholder perspective, in the context of Estonian business organizations

“…At that time, the legal system was only starting to develop and the young government imposed very few restrictions on business activities, so CEOs had considerable power to “hire and fire” and they concentrated on short‐term profitability indicators, preferring radical change with strong strategic, preferably foreign owners (Kalmi, 2003; Kalmi et al , 1999). During the transition period, Estonian managers stressed that enterprises should find the means for survival by themselves – the state and government institutions were not expected to be of much help (Liuhto, 1996, p. 13).…”

“…Since the beginning of the period, Estonian leaders focused strongly on forging Western European partnerships, such as their membership of the European Union (EU) and NATO for political, economic and security reasons (Liuhto, 1996, p. 16, 1999, 2001). The pursuit of EU membership also required major institutional reforms (Jones et al , 2003; Postma and Hermes, 2002, pp.…”

“…Most of these works have dealt with political and macro‐economic policies (Gilles et al , 2002; Postma and Hermes, 2002, pp. 8‐9; Purju, 1996; Tiits et al , 2003; Vensel, 1996), ownership structures and privatisation (Bennett et al , 2003; Jones et al , 2003; Kalmi, 2003; Kalmi et al , 1999; Kooskora, 2003; Terk, 1998) internationalisation and foreign investments (Cicinskas, 1998; Terk and Varblane, 2002; Ziacik, 2000) and innovations and fiscal determinants (Government of the Republic of Estonia, 2000; Kooskora, 2004; Kurik et al , 2002; Purju, 1996; Terk, 1999), but only a limited number of studies of management and business corporations have been conducted (Aaltio et al , 2002; Alt et al , 2003; Barnowe et al , 2003; Elenurm, 1985; Elmik et al , 2004; Kooskora, 2004, 2005a, b; Liuhto, 1996, 1999, 2001; Terk et al , 2004; Virovere et al , 2002).…”

Converging human resource management

“…Estonia began to liberate economy and politics. In the early‐1990s, Estonia adopted a quick start in free enterprise, privatisation, export‐oriented production and services, development of information technology applications and telecommunications, and influx of foreign investments (Misiunas and Taagepera, 1989; Mygind, 1998; Liuhto, 1999). A significant part of foreign investments in Estonia are in charge of Finnish and Swedish companies (Ehrlich et al 2002).…”

The Transformation of Management Effectiveness in Post- Soviet Enterprises

“…The ends of the scale were chosen as the literature points that organisational and managerial behaviour dating from Soviet times must improve in order to be better adjusted to the requirements of a market economy (e.g. Berliner, 1988;Lawrence -Vlachoutsicos, 1990;Puffer -McCarthy, 1993;Liuhto, 1996;Matthews -Yeghaizarian, 1998).…”