“…From a communication perspective, managers’ communication predicts employee outcomes (Madlock, 2008). Communication interactions between managers and employees can increase employees’ self-worth (Orpen, 1997), enhance mutual understanding and trust (Mackenzie, 2010), and satisfy individuals’ needs of pleasure and inclusion (Madlock, 2008). In fact, when managers spend time giving information, providing feedback, explaining the vision to subordinates, discussing tasks, and/or otherwise socializing with subordinates, employees reported increased organizational commitment and satisfaction with the job, the relationship, and the leadership style (e.g., Abu Bakar, Dillbeck, & McCroskey, 2010; Mackenzie, 2010).…”