Managing hirsutism in gynaecological practice

Conn, Jennifer; Jacobs, Howard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10197.x

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with previous reports which suggest that severity of facial hair has no relationship with levels of distress in hirsute women [12], and in particular, women's own perceptions of severity [17]. It has been proposed that even a mild degree of hirsutism can undermine confidence and lead to disproportionate self-consciousness [8]. According to Rabinowitz et al [13], it is not the severity that results in anxiety, but whether patients perceive themselves to be suffering from the problem, as is the case with other dermatological conditions such as in psoriasis [32] and acne [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These may stem from the disapproval that occurs when violating a social norm together with the amount of time, energy, and money spent on hair removal [8][9][10][11]. Hirsute women have been found to experience a greater degree of psychiatric disturbance compared to the general population [12] and higher levels of anxiety [13] together with psychotic symptoms and interpersonal fears in relation to nonhirsute controls [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women living with facial hair: the psychological and behavioral burden

Lipton

Sherr

Elford

et al. 2006

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women living with facial hair: the psychological and behavioral burden

Lipton

Sherr

Elford

et al. 2006

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…Increased androgen promotes the transformation of vellus hair into longer, thicker and more noticeable terminal hair and sometimes reduction of ovarian androgen is insufficient alone to reverse this process. Management of hirsutism may therefore require additional treatments such as cosmetic strategies, local treatment such as topical eflornithine cream or laser therapy (which can be very effective in suitable patients, particularly those with darkly pigmented hair) or systemic treatment with an anti-androgen such as cyproterone acetate52 53 (Figure 7d).…”

Section: A Framework For the Management Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A guide to understanding polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Duncan

2014

J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Some 20% of women will have polycystic ovaries on an ultrasound scan and around 7% of women have the additional clinical or biochemical features of PCOS. As a complex multisystem disorder its background can be confusing to understand. They key feature, however, is an increased production of androgen by the ovaries. This review uses ovarian biology to describe a strategy to aid understanding and explanation of PCOS. This framework can be also be used to teach about PCOS and to inform different approaches to its management. INTRODUCTIONPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder to affect women in their reproductive years. Around 20% of women have the characteristic appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound scans 1 and 7-8% have the additional clinical and biochemical features of PCOS itself.2 As obesity increases the proportion of women with polycystic ovaries who develop the syndrome, the current epidemic of obesity is likely to make PCOS even more common.

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“…Six months or more of hormonal suppression is necessary before reduced hair growth becomes clinically discernable. 4 OCs suppress ovarian androgen production through the progestin component, and the estrogen component increases sex hormone-binding globulin levels, thus decreasing circulating testosterone. Some progestins, such as cyproterone acetate (CPA), that are included in OCs, inhibit 5-α reductase, which converts testosterone to the more active dihydrotestosterone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This treatment is relatively complicated and expensive and should be reserved for severe cases of hyperandrogenism. 4 Spironolactone, known for its diuretic properties, also has hormonal effects. These include competitive androgen receptor blockade, inhibition of ovarian and adrenal steroidogenesis, and inhibition of 5-α reductase activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%