Managing limb pain using virtual reality: a systematic review of clinical and experimental studies

Wittkopf, Priscilla Geraldine; Lloyd, David T.; Johnson, Mark I.

doi:10.1080/09638288.2018.1485183

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Pain perception is multidimensional, which is why VR rehabilitation can be used in the conservative treatment of pain based on a change in its experience. It was noticed that diverting attention from pain, creating an image of the illusion of a healthy limb while performing a task (game) allowed the patients to perform more difficult exercises [ 44 ]. The effect of mirror therapy and virtual reality on brain plasticity has been proven, and its effectiveness has so far been demonstrated in phantom pain therapy [ 45 , 46 ], in neuropathic pain therapy [ 47 ] and in patients after strokes [ 48 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation in Patients with Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis

Byra

Czernicki

2020

JCM

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common health problem leading to pain, limitation in physical function, a decrease in the quality of life and disability. OA affects 60–70% of the population above 65 years of age all over the world, and is associated with a high cost of healthcare. The main method of treatment of OA, apart from pharmacotherapy and surgery, is comprehensive rehabilitation. Advances in medical technology have resulted in the possibility of using computer-assisted interventions in rehabilitation. The present narrative review is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in the rehabilitation of elderly patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis, including patients after arthroplasty. This literature review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was carried out in five databases: PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and PEDro. It includes ten randomized controlled trials focused on the application of games and biofeedback in the rehabilitation of patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis. There are no conclusive reports that interventions based on VR are more effective than standard physical therapy. Moreover, evidence regarding patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is very scarce. The effectiveness of VR-based rehabilitation is unclear, although interventions based on VR are promising in view of pain management, postural and proprioception training. However, this evidence is not sufficient to create clinical guidelines and further high-quality studies are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation in Patients with Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis

Byra

Czernicki

2020

JCM

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“…Mirrors, lenses, and virtual reality have been used to alleviate pain and improve function through visual distraction, ‘normalizing’ the appearance of dysmorphic painful body parts, reducing threat associated with moving painful body parts, and aligning ownership and agency of body parts through visual, proprioceptive, and tactile congruency. Therapeutic success is varied and research findings from systematic reviews of controlled clinical studies are inconsistent due to a paucity of robust primary studies [94,95,96,97].…”

Section: Pain Perception: Active Top-down Processing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Landscape of Chronic Pain: Broader Perspectives

Johnson

2019

Medicina

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Chronic pain is a global health concern. This special issue on matters related to chronic pain aims to draw on research and scholarly discourse from an eclectic mix of areas and perspectives. The purpose of this non-systematic topical review is to précis an assortment of contemporary topics related to chronic pain and its management to nurture debate about research, practice and health care policy. The review discusses the phenomenon of pain, the struggle that patients have trying to legitimize their pain to others, the utility of the acute–chronic dichotomy, and the burden of chronic pain on society. The review describes the introduction of chronic primary pain in the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Disease, 11th Revision and discusses the importance of biopsychosocial approaches to manage pain, the consequences of overprescribing and shifts in service delivery in primary care settings. The second half of the review explores pain perception as a multisensory perceptual inference discussing how contexts, predictions and expectations contribute to the malleability of somatosensations including pain, and how this knowledge can inform the development of therapies and strategies to alleviate pain. Finally, the review explores chronic pain through an evolutionary lens by comparing modern urban lifestyles with genetic heritage that encodes physiology adapted to live in the Paleolithic era. I speculate that modern urban lifestyles may be painogenic in nature, worsening chronic pain in individuals and burdening society at the population level.

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“…[5] Most recently, virtual representation of body parts has been used to create the illusion of a healthy, functional limb and reduce pain and perceptual disturbances in painful and dysmorphic limbs. [6] VR involves the generation of a virtual environment by computerized software, which can be delivered to the individual via a head-mounted display or computer screen. [7] When using a head-mounted display, the experience is considered immersive and when the virtual environment is presented on a flat screen (e.g., computer screen) the experience is considered non-immersive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of interactive virtual reality on pain perception: a systematic review of clinical studies

Wittkopf

Lloyd

Coe

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of immersive and non-immersive interactive virtual reality on pain perception in patients with a clinical pain condition. Methods: The following databases were searched from inception: Medline (Ovid), PsychInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane library and Web of Science. Two reviewers screened reports and extracted the data. A third reviewer acted as an arbiter. Studies were eligible if they were randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized trials, and uncontrolled trials. Crossover and parallel-group designs were included. Risk of bias was assessed for all included studies. Results: Thirteen clinical studies were included. The majority of studies investigated a sample of participants with chronic pain. Six were controlled trials and seven uncontrolled studies. Controlled research showed that interactive virtual reality reduces pain associated with ankylosing spondylitis and post-mastectomy, but results are inconsistent for patients with neck pain. Findings from uncontrolled studies showed that interactive virtual reality reduced neuropathic limb pain, and phantom limb pain, but had no effect on non-specific chronic back pain. Conclusions: There is not enough evidence upon which to judge the effectiveness of the use of virtual reality for the management of pain.

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Managing limb pain using virtual reality: a systematic review of clinical and experimental studies

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation in Patients with Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis

The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation in Patients with Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis

The Landscape of Chronic Pain: Broader Perspectives

The effect of interactive virtual reality on pain perception: a systematic review of clinical studies

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