Managing nutrient fluxes and pollution in the Baltic: an interdisciplinary simulation study

Turner, R. Kerry; Georgiou, Stavros; Gren, Ing‐Marie; Wulff, Fredric; Barrett, Scott; Söderqvist, Tore; Bateman, Ian J.; Folke, Carl; Langaas, Sindre; Żylicz, Tomasz; Mäler, Karl‐Göran; Markowska, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/s0921-8009(99)00046-4

Cited by 94 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For economic variables, we take into account the uncertainty pertaining to the duration and cost of constructing underground sewage tunnels and wastewater treatment facilities. Furthermore, we explicitly model the bene…ts of improved water quality, where previously only total costs and bene…ts have been compared in a static framework assuming that the marginal costs and bene…ts of abatement depend on ‡ows of nutrients (e.g., Turner et al 1999, Gren 2001, Gren and Folmer 2003). In our model, the bene…ts are attributed to the state of the water ecosystem as measured by nutrient mass, whereby the optimal abatement for given costs can be endogenously determined.…”

Section: Naevdal 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our application, we rely on bene…t estimates available from a previous contingent valuation study by Söderqvist (1996), who carried out a valuation project of Baltic drainage basin as part of an EU Environmental Research Programme (see also Turner et al 1999). The study indicated that inhabitants in the region place a signi…cant value on the bene…ts:…”

Section: Damage From Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal management of a eutrophied coastal ecosystem: balancing agricultural and municipal abatement measures

Laukkanen

Huhtala

2007

Environ Resource Econ

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Agriculture and municipal wastewater are the principal sources of eutrophying nutrients in many water ecosystems. We develop a model which considers the characteristics of agricultural and municipal nutrient abatement. The model explicitly accounts for the investment needed to set up wastewater treatment facilities, and makes it possible to determine the optimal timing of investment as well as the optimal agricultural and municipal abatement levels. We apply the model to the Finnish coastal waters of the Gulf of Finland. Our results indicate that substantial savings in abatement costs and the damage associated with eutrophication could be obtained by constructing the facilities needed to process all the wastewaters entering the coastal ecosystem. The optimal timing of investment is shown to hinge on both the economic and ecological characteristics of the ecosystem.

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Section: Naevdal 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Damage From Eutrophicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal management of a eutrophied coastal ecosystem: balancing agricultural and municipal abatement measures

Laukkanen

Huhtala

2007

Environ Resource Econ

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“…Estos valores se sitúan en la línea de otros estudios que muestran que la restauración de humedales es una opción claramente coste-efectiva (Gren et al 1997;Turner et al 1999;Gustafson et al 2000;Zanou et al 2003, Lacroix et al 2005. Lacroix et al (2005) también señala que aunque a veces se considera la restauración de humedales como una medida costosa, en realidad suele ser más económica que otras, como los subsidios para la reducción de la aportación de fertilizantes.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Modelización del efecto de los cambios de uso del suelo sobre los flujos de nutrientes en cuencas agrícolas costeras: el caso del Mar Menor (Sudeste de España).

Fitz

Guaita

Martínez‐López

2013

ECOS

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Modelización del efecto de los cambios de uso sobre los flujos de nutrientes en cuencas agrícolas costeras: el caso del Mar Menor (Sudeste de España). Se ha elaborado un enfoque integrado de modelización de la dinámica hidrológica de una cuenca agrícola, la cuenca de la laguna costera del Mar Menor (Sudeste de España), para analizar los efectos de los cambios de uso a medio y largo plazo sobre los flujos de nutrientes que alcanzan la laguna y sus humedales periféricos. Se ha elaborado un modelo socioambiental sin dimensión espacial explícita que presta especial atención a los factores socio-económicos y los cambios de uso. Se presentan también los resultados preliminares de la aplicación al Mar Menor del modelo ELM (Ecological Landscape Modeling), un modelo hidroecológico con dimensión espacial explícita, como mejora de la modelización hidrológica de la cuenca. Los resultados del modelo integrado muestran el significativo incremento de la entrada de nutrientes en la laguna del Mar Menor, la existencia de grandes fluctuaciones interanuales y el papel de los humedales en la retención de una parte de tales nutrientes. Se ha aplicado el modelo para analizar los efectos previsibles de distintas medidas de gestión orientadas a reducir la exportación de nutrientes a la laguna del Mar Menor, en particular la reutilización de drenajes agrícolas y la recuperación de humedales. Los resultados de la simulación de tales medidas señalan que la recuperación de humedales es más eficaz que la reutilización de drenajes, consiguiendo una reducción más significativa de los nutrientes que finalmente alcanzan el Mar Menor.Palabras clave: modelo socio-ambiental; regadío; simulación dinámica, ciclos de nutrientes An integrated modelling approach on the nutrient dynamics has been developed for its application in the agricultural watershed of the Mar Menor coastal lagoon (South-eastern Spain), in order to analyse the long-term effects of land-use change on the nutrients inputs into the lagoon and associated wetlands. A lumped dynamic model has been developed which focuses on the socio-economic factors and land-use changes and their effects on the watershed-scale nutrient flows. In addition, a preliminary application of the ELM (Ecological Landscape Model), an eco-hydrological spatial dynamic model, has been carried out as an ongoing improvement of the hydrological modelling module. Simulation results for the 1970-2012 period showed a noticeable increase in nutrient inflows into the Mar Menor lagoon, highlighting the high inter-annual variability and the role of associated wetlands to remove part of the nutrients. The modeling approach was applied to explore the potential effects of several management measures aiming at reducing the export of nutrients from the agricultural fields into the Mar Menor lagoon, particularly studying measures to reuse agricultural leakages and plans for wetlands restoration. Results showed that wetlands restoration achieves a higher reduction in the inflow of nutrients into the lagoon, doubling those achieved...

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“…All studies have a clear regional focus, with the majority of them having been carried out in Scandinavian countries. However, the last systematic and coordinated research effort to value the benefits of water quality improvements for the Baltic Sea, the Baltic Drainage Basin Project (BDBP), dates back to the 1990s (Turner et al, 1999) and may be considered outdated. Since then, mostly isolated valuation studies with a local or regional focus have been carried out.…”

Section: Economic Valuation Of Eutrophication Effects In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…with higher nutrient emissions and pollution throughout the drainage basin of the Baltic Sea has led to higher vulnerability of the ecosystem (Turner et al, 1999). The question is how the option value of maintaining or restoring the GES of an intact marine environment should be elicited.…”

Section: Incomplete Representation Of the Tevmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the environmental effectiveness of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Bertram

Rehdanz

2013

Marine Policy

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Abstract:Marine and coastal ecosystems -and thus the benefits they create for humans -are subject to increasing pressures and competing usages. For this reason, the European Union (EU) adopted the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), which is to guide future maritime policy in the EU and aims at achieving or maintaining a good environmental status (GES) of the European seas by 2020. To this end, the MSFD requires the development of improvement measures, which have to be assessed inter alia by examining their cost-effectiveness and by carrying out cost-benefit analysis (CBA) before their implementation.In this paper, we investigate the applicability of environmental CBA in the marine context and identify and discuss problems that may hamper the environmental effectiveness of the MSFD. For example, marine ecosystem services are much less tangible than terrestrial ecosystem services. This implies greater challenges for the quantification of societal benefits in a marine context.One finding is that the limitations of environmental valuation methods regarding their ability to capture the whole total economic value of improvement measures are a potential source of problems, as the MSFD allows countries to disregard measures with disproportionately high costs. The transboundary nature of the main European seas adds to the complexity of the valuation task, e.g. due to the danger that benefits that occur outside of national territories are neglected. Moreover, the current state of knowledge on the functioning of complex marine ecosystems and the links to socio-economic impacts and human well-being seems insufficient to meet the MSFD requirements.

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Managing nutrient fluxes and pollution in the Baltic: an interdisciplinary simulation study

Cited by 94 publications

References 2 publications

Optimal management of a eutrophied coastal ecosystem: balancing agricultural and municipal abatement measures

Optimal management of a eutrophied coastal ecosystem: balancing agricultural and municipal abatement measures

Modelización del efecto de los cambios de uso del suelo sobre los flujos de nutrientes en cuencas agrícolas costeras: el caso del Mar Menor (Sudeste de España).

On the environmental effectiveness of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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