Managing Risks of Arthropod Vector Research

Aultman, Kathryn; Walker, Edward D.; Gifford, Fred; Severson, David W.; Beard, Charles B.; Scott, Thomas W.

doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2321

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Potential risks associated with the release of GM insects have been reviewed recently (2,7,8,36,(46)(47)(48)80). In addition to the ecological concerns that would be associated with environmental release of any genetically modified organism (summarized in (Table 2), because insect vectors of human diseases are closely associated with humans and rely on them as a blood source, there are additional potential health risks involved.…”

Section: Safety Concerns and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also assumes that final approval must be granted ultimately at the local level. 2 All environmental releases that are conducted or funded by U.S. government agencies are subject to environmental assessment as outlined by the NEPA (40 CFR Parts 1500-1508 and Executive Order 12114). 3 Current federal guidelines suggest that USDA-APHIS share regulatory authority for a field release of a genetically modified insect that feeds on certain groups of animals.…”

Section: Safety Concerns and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Symbionts of the Triatominae and Their Potential Use in Control of Chagas Disease Transmission

Beard

Cordón-Rosales

Durvasula

2002

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

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217

158

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Chagas disease is caused by the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by insects in the family Reduviidae, subfamily Triatominae, commonly known as kissing bugs. Because these insects feed throughout their entire developmental cycle on vertebrate blood, they harbor populations of symbiotic bacteria in their intestinal track that produce nutrients that are lacking in the insects' limited diet. It is possible to cultivate these bacteria, genetically modify them, and place them back into their insect host, thus generating a paratransgenic insect. This procedure has allowed the expression of antitrypanosomal gene products in the insect gut, thereby resulting in insects that are incapable of transmitting Chagas disease. A method has been developed that would allow introduction and spread of genetically modified symbionts into natural populations of kissing bugs, thus leading potentially to a transgenic intervention tool for use as a part of an integrated vector control approach.

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Section: Safety Concerns and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety Concerns and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Symbionts of the Triatominae and Their Potential Use in Control of Chagas Disease Transmission

Beard

Cordón-Rosales

Durvasula

2002

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

Self Cite

217

158

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“…One of the main concerns of releasing GMOs is environmental risk (FAO, 2001;Aultman et al, 2000). This risk has been successfully controlled in over 10 000 international field trials of GMOs (USDA, 2002).…”

Section: Environmental Risks and Public Consensusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical, legal and social issues of genetically modifying insect vectors for public health

Macer¹

2005

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…13 In addition, some people have religious or philosophical objections to all forms of genetically engineered life. 14 Reports commissioned by the World Health Organization (WHO) published in 2003 15 and 2012 16 explored many of these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical Issues in Field Trials of Genetically Modified Disease‐Resistant Mosquitoes

Resnik¹

2012

Developing World Bioethics

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Mosquito-borne diseases take a tremendous toll on human populations, especially in developing nations. In the last decade, scientists have developed mosquitoes that have been genetically modified to prevent transmission of mosquito-borne diseases, and field trials have been conducted. Some mosquitoes have been rendered infertile, some have been equipped with a vaccine they transmit to humans, and some have been designed to resist diseases. This article focuses on ethical issues raised by field trials of disease-resistant, genetically modified mosquitoes. Some of these issues include: protecting the public and the environment from harm, balancing benefits and risks, collaborating with the local community, avoiding exploitation, and safeguarding the rights and welfare of research subjects. One of the most difficult problems involves protecting the welfare of community members who will be impacted by the release of mosquitoes but who are not enrolled in the study as research subjects. To address this concern, field trials should take place only when the targeted disease is a significant public health problem in an isolated area, the benefits of the trial for the community are likely to outweigh the risks, community leaders approve of the trial, and there are measures in place to protect the welfare of un-enrolled community members, such as informing the community about the study and offering free treatment to people who contract mosquito-borne diseases. Since the justification of any field trial depends on a careful examination of the scientific and ethical issues, proposed studies should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

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Managing Risks of Arthropod Vector Research

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Bacterial Symbionts of the Triatominae and Their Potential Use in Control of Chagas Disease Transmission

Bacterial Symbionts of the Triatominae and Their Potential Use in Control of Chagas Disease Transmission

Ethical, legal and social issues of genetically modifying insect vectors for public health

Ethical Issues in Field Trials of Genetically Modified Disease‐Resistant Mosquitoes

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