“…To the extent that there is intensive socialization and training, continuous feedback and performance appraisal, and recruitment and selection systems that ensure that experiences are shared among employees, there will be stronger organizational cultures in tight societies and comparatively weaker organizational cultures in loose societies. This is consistent with research that has shown that the extensiveness of socialization practices is associated with employees' shared perceptions of the work environment (Malamaut, 2002;Peterson, 1984), as well as with research that has shown that accountability in organizations produces higher socially shared cognition (Frink & Klimoski, 1998;Rozelle & Baxter, 1981), Homogeneity of thought is also facilitated in organizations in tight societies by a high degree of alignment or "bundling" across organizational practices that communicate similar expectations to individuals (Baird & Meshoulam, 1988;Bowen & Ostroff, 2004;Delery, 1998;Wright & McMahan, 1992). Morishima (1995) describes how human resource management systems in Japan are aligned to enhance the acquisition of knowledge and to create socially shared understandings of that knowledge.…”