Mandibular Elongation and Remodeling by Distraction

Intraoral distraction osteogenesis for the correction of facial deformities following temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a modified technique

“…Its success in lengthening the mandible opens new perspectives for interceptive therapy, where other surgical techniques including orthognathic surgery and/or bone grafting procedures have not proved to be satisfactory 15,20,30 . Many authors 23,28 have reported marked occlusal disturbances following mandibular distraction osteogenesis which are sometimes difficult to be corrected orthodontically.…”

A new approach to repairing cleft palate and acquired palatal defects with distraction osteogenesis

“…Proliferated osteoblasts were gradually embedded in the bone matrix and became osteocytes with relatively larger osteocytic lacunae than those in the pre-existing bone. In this regard, the newly formed bone was shown to be immature; active resorption of unfavourable structures and remodelling eventually made it more suitable for normal functional loads 8,11,14,[16][17][18] . The cancellous structure of newly regenerated bone, consisting of bony trabeculae surrounding large spaces occupied by soft tissue and blood vessels, assures sufficient blood supply 9 .…”

“…The double perpendicular anchorages of the distractor supplied stable fixation, which was essential for adequate formation of microcolumns of bone during DO. It is obvious that bending or shear stress could induce fractures of the microcolumns with local haemorrhage and resultant histological cartilage interposition 11,18 . Most investigators attribute the presence of cartilage to imperfect fixation that has resulted in some motion between the distracted bone edges 18 .…”

Surgical Care of the Hemifacial Microsomia Patient

“…35 However, there remains a lack of statistical evidence to support the use of early distraction osteogenesis as a single-treatment modality for correcting HFM. 36 There is not a great deal of literature regarding long-term follow-up for patients with HFM who have undergone unilateral distraction osteogenesis.…”