Mandibular Fractures

Abstract

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma is a regularly reported occurrence in theemergency room. Of all maxillofacial injuries worldwide, the mandible is the most commonlyinvolved facial bone, with etiologies ranging from assaults and interpersonal violence to RTAs.Objectives: We aim to identify the patterns of incidence, etiology, age groups, anatomicallocation and gender in mandibular fractures in the population of Karachi, Pakistan. StudyDesign: Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Dow International Dental College. Period:January 2012 – September 2017. Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtainedalong with a comprehensive history; a systematic clinical examination was supplemented byradiographs of the face as required to confirm the presence of fractures. Statistical analysis wasdone using SPSS v.21. Results: Over 5 years, an overall 156 patients sustained 250 fractures ofthe mandible. Most affected gender was male, the age group was 20-30 years, most commoncause was Road Traffic Accidents and site was the parasymphysis. Conclusion: Mandibularfractures have a higher incidence in young males driving motorbikes or cars. More rigorouslegislative action and community awareness is required to lessen the rate of mandibularfractures in Karachi, Pakistan.

Discrimination between falls and blows from the localization and the number of fractures on computed tomography scans of the skull and the trunk

“…Fractures on the mandible occur in 38.79% ( n = 64) of blow cases and 5.96% ( n = 14) of fall cases. Our results are similar to those of many studies showing that most fractures were caused by assault followed by falls [ 27–30 ] and are more frequent in young males (20–30 years old) [ 31–34 ].…”

The retromandibular transparotid approach vs. retromandibular retroparotid approach for the mandibular condyle

“…The clinical relevance of condylar fractures is well known in terms of their effect on the temporomandibular joint mobility, occlusion, facial symmetry, function and esthetics, and a long debate existed concerning the pros and cons of open versus closed management of the condyle. Traditionally, fractures of the mandibular condyle, ranging in frequency from 14% to 30% 9,11 have almost wholly been addressed by closed or "conservative approaches" such as MMF, due to complications attributed to open approaches such as limited access, danger to the facial nerve branches, and to anatomic structures such as the parotid 12 . Lately however, there has been a paradigm shift towards the consideration of open approaches to condylar fractures as the gold standard of treatment 13 , owing in part to the advent of functionally stable osteosynthesis in the 1980s and to the multitude of benefits associated with early mobilization and loading of the temporomandibular joint.…”