Mandibular permanent second molar with four roots and root canals: a case report

Abstract

Although four-rooted mandibular first molars have been observed on a few occasions in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, four-rooted second molars have not been reported. Here, we describe a mandibular second molar with four roots and canals: two mesial and two distal. Mesial roots were separated in the cervical one-third near the cervical margin, while distal roots were divided at a lower level in the middle one-third of the root. We discuss the possibility of different root and canal variations of the mandibular second molar from a developmental point of view.

An extremely rare case of radiculous premolar coexisting with bilateral fourrooted mandibular second molars

“…There are a few case reports and studies reporting data about four-rooted MSM, among them Purra et al described an interesting case of MSM with three mesial and one distal root [11,16,20,24].…”

“…Usually, the mandibular second molar (MSM) is described as having three canals, two in the mesial and one in the distal root, but the number of the root canals can vary up to five, mostly located in two roots [10][11][12][13]. In the MSM, each root consists of two radicals which usually are not separated along the root.…”

“…Separate cases of three-rooted MFPs and four-rooted MSMs have been reported [7][8][9]11,16,17,20,24]. To best of our knowledge a coexistence of these variants in one patient has not been reported yet.…”

Unusual root morphology in second mandibular molar with a radix entomolaris, and comparison between cone-beam computed tomography and digital periapical radiography: a case report

“…Two cases with patients of Indian origin [ 30 , 31 ] reported similar features (three roots, RE). Furthermore, a case (extracted mandibular second molar) with four roots in a patient from Sri Lanka [ 32 ] was reported. However, only one case with a patient of white origin with three roots (RP) has been reported [ 24 ].…”