The relationship between blood disorders, periodontitis, and dental caries reveals a complex interaction between oral health and systemic conditions. Dental caries, caused by bacterial biofilms and environmental factors, and periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, are both associated with significant systemic implications. This review highlights the bidirectional link between these oral conditions and hematological disorders such as anemia, leukemia, and thalassemia. Periodontitis-induced inflammation can disseminate systemically, impacting hematopoietic functions and contributing to blood disorders. Conversely, hematological diseases can exacerbate periodontal issues by impairing immune responses and altering blood parameters, as observed in conditions like cyclic neutropenia and sickle cell anemia. The systemic effects of periodontitis are characterized by elevated markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6, amplifying chronic inflammation. This interrelationship underscores the necessity of integrative healthcare strategies. Regular monitoring of systemic markers, proactive management of periodontal inflammation, and addressing underlying hematological conditions are essential for improving patient outcomes. This review advocates for a holistic diagnostic and therapeutic approach to manage the coexisting challenges of oral and systemic health conditions effectively.