Manganese and Chromium Distribution between CaO–SiO2–MgOsat.–CrO1.5–MnO Slags and Fe–Cr–Mn Stainless Steel

Abstract

The Mn and Cr equilibria between a Mn rich stainless steelmaking slag (CaO-SiO 2 -MgO sat. -MnO-CrO 1.5 ) and Fe-Cr-Mn stainless steel were investigated in a temperature range from 1 823 to 1 873 K under Ar atmosphere. The partition ratios L Mn and L Cr between liquid slag and steel were determined as a function of slag composition and temperature. By combining the experimental results with thermodynamic calculations, it was found that, as basicity increases, L Mn decreases, while L Cr increases. The elevated basicity leads to a high MnO activity coefficient. On the other hand, the CrO 1.5 activity coefficient decreases with higher slag basicities. The influence of MnO and CrO 1.5 contents on the activity coefficients was also considered. It is concluded that in order to maximize Mn recovery during high Mn stainless steel production, a basic slag with a high MnO activity coefficient must be employed whereas high temperatures should be avoided.

A manganese distribution prediction model for CaO–SiO2–FeO–MgO–MnO–Al2O3slags based on IMCT

“…9 To date, numerous experimental and theoretical studies were made on the manganese equilibrium between metals and slags containing manganese oxide in order to accurately describe manganese distribution ratio. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The experimental techniques employed by these investigators for manganese distribution ratio in different slags are as summarised in Table 1. However, the experimental measurement of thermodynamic parameter between molten slag and hot metal is costly and difficult in the operation.…”

Quantitative analyses of Mn, V, and Si elements in steels using a portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system based on a fiber laser

“…Minor elements in steels play an important role in their performance. 1,2 Traditional analyses of minor elements in steels are oen carried out by complex analytical techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and X-ray uorescence (XRF), which are labor intensive and time consuming because they oen need sample preparation, such as cutting, milling, grinding, and drilling. [3][4][5] Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an appealing technique for elemental analyses in which a focused laser pulse ablates a sample while the spectral emission from the laser-induced plasmas is recorded and analyzed.…”

Non-metallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys and Their Effect on the Steel Quality: A Review

“…[61] In addition, a complex Al and Ti deoxidation would influence the morphology of the resulting inclusions. [62,63] In FeMn and SiMn alloys, no obvious trace elements are typically present. In terms of FeNb alloys, the elemental impurities present in significant amounts are Al, Mg, Ca and Mo.…”

“…Several researchers have investigated the inclusions in Al-killed Ti-bearing steels. [63,115,118,119] The Ti/Al ratio has been found to be a key factor for controlling the inclusion types being formed. Usually, Mg-Al-Ti-O complex inclusions were almost unavoidable in these steels due to the use of a MgO-based refractory.…”