Manganese‐based materials as cathode for rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries

Abstract

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising candidates for advanced electrical energy storage systems owing to low cost, intrinsic safety, environmental benignity, and decent energy densities. Currently, significant research efforts are being made to develop high-performance positive electrodes for ZIBs. Nevertheless, there are still many obstacles to be overcome in pursuit of the comprehensive performance of cathode materials, including specific capacity, structural stability, rate performance, and so forth. Many manganese-based compounds have become the hotspots in the study of ZIB cathodes due to their advantages of natural abundance, less toxicity, and high operating voltage. Here, different energy storage mechanisms of various kinds of manganese-based compounds are summarized. Electrochemical results of manganese-based cathodes are compared and analyzed. Moreover, optimization strategies for addressing existing issues of these materials and improving ZIBs are discussed in detail.

Improving the Cycling Stability of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries by Preintercalation of Polyaniline in Hydrated Vanadium Oxide

“…Cathode materials (CMs) for AZIBs are vanadium oxides, , manganese oxides, , transition-metal dichalcogenides, − Prussian blue and its analogues, − and organic compounds . Since Nazar’s group first identified Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 · n H 2 O as an efficient CM for AZIBs, vanadium-based CMs have expanded rapidly.…”

Recent advances in perovskite oxide electrocatalysts for Li–O2 batteries

“…1 The soaring demand for electrical energy storage and conversion systems has driven exploration into metal-ion batteries, metal-air batteries, and redox-flow batteries batteries. [2][3][4][5][6] Lithium-air batteries have a superior theoretical energy density of above 5000 Wh Kg −1 (Fig. 1), and a large theoretical open circuit voltage of 2.96 V ( Eq.…”

Metal–Organic Framework-Derived NiO@C as a Host for MnO2 Cathode of Stable Zinc-Ion Batteries

“…Aqueous zinc-ion battery (AZIB) potentially offers far less risk of fire and is cheaper than the present market-leading yet fire-prone lithium-based batteries. , However, bringing the AZIBs to market soon is less likely achievable, unless important challenges, such as intrinsic sluggish kinetics, severe structural collapse, poor rate performance, and large capacity fade, are specifically tackled. − Although some progress has been made so far, the lack of a suitable cathode to tolerate the stable insertion/extraction of Zn 2+ ions is still a challenge. , By far, only a few materials have been utilized as the Zn-intercalation hosts, which include Mn compounds, , V compounds, , Prussian blue analogue (PBA)-based compounds, , and other materials such as organics and Co- and Mo-based compounds. − Among these, MnO 2 has been widely studied as the cathode for AZIBs because of its merits like tunable morphologies, low cost, low toxicity, and high density. , Despite these advantages, MnO 2 (α-, β-, γ-, δ-, or amorphous MnO 2 ) generally exhibits high Mn dissolution, low intrinsic electronic conductivity, and large volume expansion caused by the phase transformations upon cycling. − Because these drawbacks seriously degrade the overall electrochemical performance (e.g., rapid capacity fading and poor rate capability), great efforts have been devoted to resolving this hurdle. , One emerging way is to deposit MnO 2 on the conductive host, thereby creating new composites such as MnO 2 /CNT­(carbon nanotube), MnO 2 /graphene, , and MnO 2 /carbon. , Indeed, it has been experimentally demonstrated that MnO 2 hosted on porous carbon not only improves the rate performance but also triggers a significant capacity gain during battery cycling. − Moreover, it has been reported that the MnO 2 deposited on the host with binary or even multinary additives like Cu, Bi 2 O 3 , and PEDOT could also drastically improve the electrochemical performance of AZIB. − In this sense, metal–organic framework (MOF) is an appealing precursor for the preparation of the conductive host for MnO 2 cathode because MOF undergoes carbonization under simple pyrolysis, yielding a composite in the form of conductive graphitic carbon decorated with metal or metal oxide nanoparticles. , MOF-derived carbon materials generally have a 3D poro...…”