Manganese Equilibrium between BaO-BaF2-MnO Fluxes and Ferro-manganese Melts.

Abstract

Theequilibrium distribution ratio of manganese between BaO-BaF=-MnO slag and Mn

Viscosity‐structure relationship of alkaline earth silicate melts containing manganese oxide and calcium fluoride

“…Liu et al found that the increase in BaF 2 content in the BaO‐BaF 2 ‐MnO slag enhances the activity coefficient of MnO in the melts. They also mentioned that the CaF 2 in the BaO‐MnO slag is partly transformed to BaF 2 in the slag according to the following reaction:…”

“…BaCO 3 (or BaO) has been proposed as a fluxing additive for producing ultra‐low phosphorus ferromanganese alloys under oxidizing conditions because BaO‐based fluxes have relatively higher phosphate capacity than conventional CaO‐based fluxes . BaO‐ and MnO‐containing slags could be produced when BaO‐based fluxes are added during the dephosphorization reaction.…”

Thermodynamic Activity of MnO in CaO–SiO₂–MnO–FeO–MgO Molten Slags

“…The data on the distribution of manganese between the slag and metal have also been accumulated. 4,6,[8][9][10][11][20][21][22][23][24][25][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] In existing studies on MnO-containing slag system with ternary and above-components, the Al 2 O 3 -containing slag system was most heavily studied while the FeO-containing slag system was least studied. However, MnO-containing slag systems without Al 2 O 3 was found in studies that the MnO content in a FeO-containing slag system without P 2 O 5 was lower than 21 wt%, and in a slag system containing both FeO and P 2 O 5 , the MnO content was lower than 28 wt%.…”

“…(36), which can be calculated from Eq. (38). The activity coefficients of FeO in each slag sample of the experimental slags are listed in Table 1.…”

Thermodynamic Assessment of Liquid Mn–Fe–Si–C–Ca–P System by Unified Interaction Parameter Model

“…[2][3][4][5][6] Several investigations had been carried out about the oxidizing de-P of ferromanganese with slags containing BaO. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, the conventional oxidizing dephosphorization (de-P) is not feasible for manganese ferroalloys, especially for silicomanganese ferroalloys, due to the inevitable prior oxidation of manganese and silicon. Thus, reducing de-P should be applied for manganese ferroalloys using alkaline earth metals or their compounds, [14][15][16][17][18][19] for example, Ca-Si alloy.…”