“…10 There have been extensive studies of varieties of carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes because of their large specific surface area (SSA), high conductivity, facile availability, and chemical stability. 5,11 Some of the best performing carbon materials include activated carbon, 12 carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 13 graphene, 14,15 carbon nanofibers (CNFs), 16,17 and carbon aerogels. 18 Among carbon nanomaterials, non-porous carbon onions, also known as onion-like carbon (OLC), have attracted major research interests as electrode material for energy storage, for example, advanced anode electrodes for lithium ion batteries, 19,20 pseudocapacitors, 21,22 and ultrahigh-power electric double-layer capacitors.…”