Manganese Oxide Nanozyme-Doped Diatom for Safe and Efficient Treatment of Peri-Implantitis

Abstract

Peri-implantitis is a major cause of dental implant failure. Bacterial biofilm contamination on the implant induces surrounding bone resorption and soft tissue inflammation, leading to severe deterioration of oral health. However, conventional biofilm removal procedures, such as mechanical decontamination and antiseptic application, are not effective enough to induce reosseointegration on decontaminated implant surfaces. This is due to (1) incomplete decontamination of the biofilm from inaccessible areas and (2) physicochemical alteration of implant surfaces caused by decontamination procedures. Herein, a safe and effective therapeutic approach for peri-implantitis is developed, which involves decontamination of implant-bound biofilms using the kinetic energy of microsized oxygen bubbles generated from the catalytic reaction between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and manganese oxide (MnO2) nanozyme sheet-doped silica diatom microparticles (Diatom Microbubbler, DM). Rapidly moving microsized DM particles are able to penetrate narrow spaces between implant screws, exerting just the right amount of force to entirely destroy biofilms without harming the surrounding mucosa or implant surfaces, as opposed to conventional antiseptics such as chlorhexidine or 3% H2O2 when used alone. Consequently, decontamination with DM facilitates successful reosseointegration on the peri-implantitis-affected implant surface. In summary, our new DM-based therapeutic approach will become a promising alternative to resolve clinically challenging aspects of peri-implantitis.

Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro

“…Therefore, care should be taken in translating the results of this in vitro study to an in vivo situation. However, biocompatibility of DM in has been extensively examined in a previous study by repetitively co-treatment of DM and H 2 O 2 on tongue mucosa, resulting in no significant tissue damage or inflammation [37]. In addition, when MG63 cells were exposed to DM for 24 h, no significant cytotoxicity was observed up to concentration of 10 mg/mL [37].…”

“…However, biocompatibility of DM in has been extensively examined in a previous study by repetitively co-treatment of DM and H 2 O 2 on tongue mucosa, resulting in no significant tissue damage or inflammation [37]. In addition, when MG63 cells were exposed to DM for 24 h, no significant cytotoxicity was observed up to concentration of 10 mg/mL [37]. However, in order for DM to be applied in the oral cavity in clinical setting, further studies are required for biocompatibility of DM on various oral tissues including gingiva, palate, and buccal mucosa.…”

The potential use of nanozymes as an antibacterial agents in oral infection, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis

“…As a result, DM cleaning on the implant surface impacted by peri-implantitis promotes effective re-osseointegration. In conclusion, our novel DM-based treatment strategy will emerge as a viable substitute to address clinically complex peri-implantitis issues [ 126 ].…”

“…As opposed to conventional antiseptics like chlorhexidine or 3% H 2 O 2 when used alone, rapidly moving microsized DM particles are capable of penetrating the narrow spaces between implant screws and exerting precisely the right amount of force to destroy biofilms without harming the surrounding mucosa or implant surfaces. Decontamination with DM promotes re-osseointegration on the surface of the implant afflicted by peri-implantitis [ 126 ].…”

Self-Adaptive Antibiofilm Effect and Immune Regulation by Hollow Cu2MoS4 Nanospheres for Treatment of Implant Infections

“…Nanozymes with enzyme-like activity show great potential as antibiofilm nanoagents due to their unique antibacterial mechanism by catalyzing ROS generation. − To date, several nanozymes have been studied to treat implant infections, such as PDA–ferrocene–Nd–Ti plates, MnO 2 –silica diatom microparticles, and CuFe 2 O 4 /GO nanoparticles. − But the low activity of nanozymes to catalyze the generation of ROS often limits their antibacterial activity. , As reported, external stimulation, such as light and US irradiation, can further improve their catalytic activity. − Compared with light irradiation, US irradiation has the advantage of deeper tissue penetration, which facilitates its use in the treatment of implant infections. − …”