Manganese Sinter Production with Wood Biomass Application

Abstract

A large amount of finely dispersed manganese ore left after benefication operations or blown out from the furnaces is unsuitable for direct use in electric furnaces and blast furnaces, therefore it is necessary to granulate it in order to have the efficient use of its fine ore particles in metallurgy. To make our research more of practical use, we found it is reasonable not only work over manganese fines sintering but also to attempt mitigating the negative effect on the environment produced by the further sintering and apply the biofuel within the total fuel mass. Under laboratory conditions, the studies have been carried out with the objective to obtain manganese sinter, in which wood biomass is applied, namely initial and pre-pyrolyzed, at temperatures of 673, 873, 1073 and 1273 K. The amount of biofuel in the sinter blend was 25 wt.%. It has been established that the biomass use causes the decrease in the specific capacity of the sintering plant. However, for the efficient manganese ores sintering process, the biofuel of high pyrolysis temperature of 1273 K is required. To achieve the specific capacity and the yield to be as high as those when coke breeze is only used, the amount of the biofuel for manganese ore sintering should be less than 25 wt.% of the solid fuel. Additionally, it has been revealed that the further increase in the biofuel ratio in the total fuel amount is possible on condition that its reactivity is decreased, or larger particles of the biofuel are used.

Structurally Dependent Electrochemical Properties of Ultrafine Superparamagnetic ‘Core/Shell’ γ-Fe2O3/Defective α-Fe2O3 Composites in Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…The performance of HSCs based on the synthesized materials was investigated in a two-electrode cell. As a negative (polarized) electrode used nanoporous carbon [18,19], the positive electrode was the synthesized material in each case. The electrolyte was a 3.5 M aqueous solution of KOH.…”

Replacing Fossil Carbon in the Production of Ferroalloys with a Focus on Bio-Based Carbon: A Review

“…Therefore, agglomeration of those fines is necessary. One possible way is to sinter the fines [43]. The main function of sintering machines is to agglomerate fines, in addition, it is possible to reduce the oxides, even if this secondary effect is limited [155].…”

“…al. [43] carried out a laboratory study using coke breeze and mixtures of coke breeze with 25% woody biomass or prepyrolyzed wood as fuel for sintering manganese ore, manganese concentrate, fluxes and returns. It was observed that the yield of sinter with a size over 10 mm and the specific sintering capacity decreased by substituting coke breeze with biomass.…”

“…However, replacing 25% of coke breeze with biomass pyrolyzed at 1000 • C lead to a higher sintering velocity and using 25% of biomass pyrolyzed over 600 • C yielded a higher sinter strength compared to using only coke breeze. As improvements, it was suggested to use biomass with a lower reactivity compared to the used biomass or larger particles of biofuel to increase the share of bio-based carbon usable in the mixture, without decreasing the effectiveness of the process [43].…”

Production of Iron Ore Pellets by Utilization of Sunflower Husks

“…Metallurgy is increasingly shifting its focus to more sustainable and environmentally conscious production practices, faced with a changing climate and the societal impact of harmful pollutants. The prospects of using biomass in metallurgy as a fuel and reducing agents for iron ore sintering and reduction of iron [14,15] have been considered promising [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Biogas application instead of natural gas also has environmental and economic benefits [16,17].…”