Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Polyphenols: Anti-Inflammatory Intestinal Microbial Health Benefits, and Associated Mechanisms of Actions

Abstract

Mango is rich in polyphenols including gallotannins and gallic acid, among others. The bioavailability of mango polyphenols, especially polymeric gallotannins, is largely dependent on the intestinal microbiota, where the generation of absorbable metabolites depends on microbial enzymes. Mango polyphenols can favorably modulate bacteria associated with the production of bioactive gallotannin metabolites including Lactobacillus plantarum, resulting in intestinal health benefits. In several studies, the prebiotic effects of mango polyphenols and dietary fiber, their potential contribution to lower intestinal inflammation and promotion of intestinal integrity have been demonstrated. Additionally, polyphenols occurring in mango have some potential to interact with intestinal and less likely with hepatic enzymes or transporter systems. This review provides an overview of interactions of mango polyphenols with the intestinal microbiome, associated health benefits and underlying mechanisms.

Do Pomegranate Hydrolyzable Tannins and Their Derived Metabolites Provide Relief in Osteoarthritis? Findings from a Scoping Review

“…It has become clear that large (poly)phenolic molecules, such as HTs, are broken down by gut microflora and their derivatives are variable metabolized by intestinal and hepatic enzyme systems of a different extent across the human population [ 40 ]. HTs have been described to interact with the cytochrome P450 enzymes, and these interactions can affect their bioactivity [ 92 ]. Nevertheless, some animal and in vitro studies have not considered the bioavailability and biotransformation of HTs (e.g., treatment with the native form of HTs in biological fluids or culture medium of cells) when evaluating their biological effects ( Table 5 ).…”

Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities in Different Fractions of Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L., Cultivar Tommy Atkins and Keitt)

“…Recently, Mirza et al [11] summarized a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential of mango bioactives with a special focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the prebiotic effects of mango polyphenols and dietary fiber and their potential in preventing gut microbiome dysbiosis have been demonstrated [12].…”

Differential Effects of Polyphenols on Insulin Proteolysis by the Insulin-Degrading Enzyme

“…An attractive alternative to the development of small-molecule inhibitors of IDE is a nutritional strategy that implicates polyphenols. Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds that possess antioxidant [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], anti-inflammatory [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], and anti-amyloidogenic [ 22 ] properties. As such, polyphenols have been hypothesized to prevent T2D [ 23 ] and AD [ 24 ].…”