Mangosteen Peel Antioxidant Extraction and Its Use to Improve the Stability of Biodiesel B20 Oxidation

Megawati, Megawati; Ginting, Rizqy Romadhona; Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39208-6_2

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…MPE had a higher total phenolic content than that in the reported literature [ 34 , 36 ]. After being made into tablets, the phenolic content did not change significantly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

et al. 2022

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Mangosteen fruit has been widely consumed and used as a source of antioxidants, either in the form of fresh fruit or processed products. However, mangosteen peel only becomes industrial waste due to its bitter taste, low content solubility, and poor stability. Therefore, this study aimed to design mangosteen peel extract microcapsules (MPEMs) and tablets to overcome the challenges. The fluidized bed spray-drying method was used to develop MPEM, with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the core mixture and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the coating agent. The obtained MPEM was spherical with a hollow surface and had a size of 411.2 µm. The flow rate and compressibility of MPEM increased significantly after granulation. A formula containing 5% w/w polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) as a binder had the best tablet characteristics, with a hardness of 87.8 ± 1.398 N, friability of 0.94%, and disintegration time of 25.75 ± 0.676 min. Microencapsulation of mangosteen peel extract maintains the stability of its compound (total phenolic and α-mangosteen) and its antioxidant activity (IC50) during the manufacturing process and a month of storage at IVB zone conditions. According to the findings, the microencapsulation is an effective technique for improving the solubility and antioxidant stability of mangosteen peel extract during manufacture and storage.

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“…MPE had a higher total phenolic content than that in the reported literature [ 34 , 36 ]. After being made into tablets, the phenolic content did not change significantly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The extract was a thick dark liquid with a chelate odor and a bitter taste. The high tannin content is responsible for the bitter taste and chelate [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

et al. 2022

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“…Then again, high costs and technical expertise are required for innovative techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction, subcritical extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, microwave hydro-diffusion, and gravity extraction methods [11]. These modern methods have been carried out on an industrial scale [12]. However, conventional methods are usually used since they are less expensive and easy to handle.…”

Section: Specialty Function Of Citrus Hystrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the potential of Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) essential oil as mosquito repellent

Zaki

Jai

Shahrizan

et al. 2022

IJAAS

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A chemical-based insect repellent such as N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) is commonly used against all insects despite its toxicity in humans. Hence, a repellent agent from natural sources of plant essential oil was introduced. Some of the plants which have the repellent potential are catnip, hairy basil, citronella, vetiver, clove, and citrus. Citronellal, citronellol, geraniol, eugenol, eugenol-acetate, and beta-caryophyllene are among the repellent active components in these plants. Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) was known for several applications in food, health, and skincare, but its potential as mosquito repellent is still new. This overview paper highlights the potential of kaffir lime essential oil as a mosquito repellent and the encapsulation of essential oil related to mosquito repellent. Several studies on kaffir lime essential oil as mosquito repellent was conducted and revealed that the major repellent active components are citronellol and limonene. Pure kaffir lime essential oil provides one-hour repellent protection against the mosquito. However, an addition of 5% vanillin prolongs the protection time to three hours. Essential oil is easily vaporized at room temperature which shortens its effectiveness time. Encapsulation of the essential oil would control the vaporization process and hence prolong its efficiency. Nonetheless, almost no research work reported on the encapsulation of kaffir lime essential oil and the release mechanism of the encapsulated kaffir lime.

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“…The extract was a dark, thick liquid with a pungent stench and a bitter taste. The bitter taste and chelate are caused by the high tannin concentration (17). The extract properties can be seen in Table 2.…”

Section: Extract Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instant Granules of Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Ethanol Extract as Antioxidants

Fadhila

Sriwidodo

Chaerunisaa

2022

sciphar

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Free radicals in the air can trigger dangerous diseases, such as cancer and premature aging. To avoid this, antioxidant compounds are needed to donate electrons to free radicals, causing them to become more stable. A powerful antioxidant can be found in nature, including the mangosteen peel. This study aimed to find the best instant granule preparation formula from mangosteen peel extract (MPE) that can be practically consumed and the antioxidant stability during preparation. The wet granulation method was used to make instant granules, which have four formulas with varying amounts of xanthan gum as a suspending agent and maltodextrin as a solubility enhancer. The antioxidant activity was examined using the DPPH method. Based on the findings, formula 4 had the best properties with a drying shrinkage of 1.80%, a flow rate of 11.54 ± 1.56 g/s, repose's angle of 29.112 ± 0.45ᵒ, carr index of 14.043 ± 1.9%, and dispersion rate of 0.164 g/s. There is no residue in the solution. The shape and taste of this formula were most acceptable. The antioxidant activity of the extract and instant granules was not significantly different, with the IC50 of 34.64 μg/ml and 44.12 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the test result, it can be concluded that formula 4 with a concentration of xanthan gum 1% and 20% maltodextrin is a potent antioxidant supplement.

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Mangosteen Peel Antioxidant Extraction and Its Use to Improve the Stability of Biodiesel B20 Oxidation

Cited by 7 publications

References 76 publications

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

Preparation of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules by Fluidized Bed Spray-Drying for Tableting: Improving the Solubility and Antioxidant Stability

An overview of the potential of <i>Citrus hystrix</i> (kaffir lime) essential oil as mosquito repellent

Instant Granules of Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Ethanol Extract as Antioxidants

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