Mangrove ecosystem data inventory using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in Yogyakarta coastal area

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystem is one of coastal resources that have many benefits for coastal communities. The mangrove ecosystem has very high economic and ecological functions if it is developed and preserved properly. Nowadays, many mangrove ecosystems are threatened by human activities. It is necessary to preserve and develop the mangrove ecosystems to avoid the impact of human activity and to increase their usefulness. In the process of developing the mangrove ecosystems, detailed data are required to provide a comprehensive overview of the environmental and physical conditions of the mangrove ecosystems. The study aims at identifying and making the inventory of the existing condition of the mangrove ecosystems related to mangrove cover and biodiversity. The data are collected using aerial photography (UAVs), field observation and measurement. The data inventory making is the first step in the process of developing and preserving the mangrove ecosystems. It finds that the use of the UAVs for the mangrove ecosystem data inventory making can give high accuracy data. The mangrove cover can easily be identified using on screen digitization analysis. The width of the mangrove in Baros coastal area is 2.59 hectares, consisting of Rhizophora, Avicennia, Bruguiera, Nypa and Acanthus, which is situated on the north part of Opak river and in the riverbank of Old Winongo river. Finally, the UAVs can be a promising technology in managing and monitoring the mangrove ecosystems.

A Review of Unoccupied Aerial Vehicle Use in Wetland Applications: Emerging Opportunities in Approach, Technology, and Data

“…RGB sensors were the most commonly used sensors throughout the reviewed studies (Figure 2f), either alone or in combination with another sensor (n = 103). These sensors are preferable because they are inexpensive, typically provided as the native camera on a UAV, and RGB orthophotographs were used in numerous vegetation mapping cases (e.g., [40][41][42][43][44][45]). Multispectral sensors were also prevalent in wetland studies (n = 27), as they are useful in mapping shallow environments (down to about 1 meter underwater) [46] and for vegetation health assessments [27,47,48].…”

“…UAV-based restoration monitoring involves a variety of objectives, including biomass estimates [120], hydrological mapping [8,9,11,123], morphological evaluations [43,57], and classification of plant communities in peatlands [10,56,119,122] and coastal regions [44,117,118,121]. While many researchers leverage RGB aerial imagery for restoration monitoring [8,9,120,122,123], multispectral imagery, and specifically the near-infrared wavelength, which can detect species and topography in shallow wetland environments [155].…”

“…Vertical takeoff and landing in constricted or topographicallycomplex areas generates popularity of quadcopter UAV usage for small restoration study regions [8][9][10][11]120,122], while fixed-wing UAVs are preferred when mapping larger restoration projects [56,118,121,123]. UAVs prove to be efficient tools to track human-induced ecological modifications [9,11,44,118,122,123], and cheaper and lighter multispectral sensors for quadcopter, and fixed-wing UAVs will help advance future restoration assessments and analysis.…”

Perbandingan Algoritma Klasifikasi Multispektral Untuk Identifikasi Objek Mangrove Menggunakan Foto Udara Digital Format Kecil

“…Data yang digunakan adalah Foto Udara Digital Format Kecil (FUDFK) yang direkam pada tahun 2018 (Khakhim et al, 2018). Foto udara ini menggunakan filter cyan yang mana dapat memfilter (mengganti) band merah yang biasanya diterima gelombangnya menjadi band inframerah dekat (NIR) (Sensefly, 2014).…”

“…Kegiatan pra lapangan yang dilakukan adalah penyiapan data pemotretan udara dan melakukan penyebaran sampel yang akan di cek di lapangan. Karena memang data FUDFK yang kami gunakan merupakan data yang sudah di dapat sejak 2018 (Khakhim et al, 2018). Data pralapangan yang disiapkan yaitu citra klasifikasi awal dan sebaran sampel.…”