Mangrove reforestation: greening or grabbing coastal zones and deltas? Case studies in Senegal

Cormier-Salem, Marie-Christine; Panfili, Jacques

doi:10.2989/16085914.2016.1146122

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…While the contribution of mangrove to people is well known and recognized [8,9],and while its drastic decline worldwide is undeniable, its current dynamic and the solutions recommended for its preservation are debatable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let the Women Harvest the Mangrove. Carbon Policy, and Environmental Injustice

Cormier-Salem

2017

Sustainability

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Carbon policy is a fascinating topic in geography and political ecology, because carbon is a new exchangeable good, which links the local to the international arenas through a complex set of instruments, norms, and institutions. In this paper, after explaining my theoretical and conceptual framework rooted in Africanist geography and currents of political ecology, I analyze the responses of local actors (knowledge, practices, logic, and strategies) to environmental policies and consider the effects of new mechanisms, upon local dynamics in Africa. I focus my attention on the impacts of mangrove reforestation policies on women, who harvest shellfish. My research, conducted over 35 years on coastal mangroves in Africa and Madagascar, provides me with examples. Through a long-term approach to the perception of mangroves and the changing modes of policies, I highlight the weight of imperialism and neo-liberalism and analyze types of environmental injustice against mangrove harvesters, particularly the women, who are the most directly concerned by the preservation of their heritage and are rarely recognized as stakeholders in environmental policies that are defined internationally and implemented at national and local levels. They are not informed (or are deliberately kept unware) of new devices such as REDD+. They have lost their rights of access to the reforested mangrove areas. Carbon policy requires comparative and empirical research, giving voice to local actors, especially women, about their perceptions of policies and actions. The approaches in terms of political ecology must be combined with analysis of the bio-ecological and socio-cultural dynamics of the mangrove.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let the Women Harvest the Mangrove. Carbon Policy, and Environmental Injustice

Cormier-Salem

2017

Sustainability

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“…But these approaches heighten the risk of conflict when they proscribe the access rights of traditional mangrove user groups. Such restrictions erode local support for conservation and can undermine policy application and goals (Beymer-Farris and Bassett 2012;Cormier-Salem and Panfili 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shellfish Collection in Senegambian Mangroves: A Female Knowledge System in a Priority Conservation Region

Carney¹

2017

Journal of Ethnobiology

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Shellfish collected in the West African mangrove ecosystem of Senegambia provide a crucial source of dietary protein, but the species harvested for household consumption have received little attention in conservation and socioeconomic research. This study examines the edible mollusks, gastropods, and crustaceans that figure prominently in a mangrove ecosystem that has emerged as a global conservation priority. Based on interviews and field observations, the species that are consumed are identified, as well as the locations within the ecosystem where they are harvested. Attention is also drawn to the gendered practices that inform collection and preservation. Edible shellfish hold considerable potential for monitoring mangrove ecosystem health, which is increasingly affected by deforestation and rising and acidifying seas. This paper highlights the importance of collaborating with local peoples who have cultural and economic ties to mangrove forests and ethnobiological knowledge about the management of these resources, which are essential for the development of effective conservation strategies.

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“…For example, the establishment of MPAs has rapidly increased around the world to meet global targets, which has coincided with critical accounts and research documenting lack of inclusion, failure to consider local people's needs and livelihoods, dispossession of areas and resources, and even human rights issues in some initiatives [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Some authors and civil society organizations have gone so far as to question whether some MPAs are a form of "ocean grabbing" [26,[28][29][30][31], a term that refers to "the dispossession or appropriation of use, control or access to ocean space or resources from prior resource users, rights holders or inhabitants…through inappropriate governance processes and might employ acts that undermine human security or livelihoods or produce impacts that impair social-ecological well-being" [30]. Fisheries allocation decisions and management practices have often been critiqued as well, for failing to take into account the rights, needs and livelihoods of small-scale fishers and coastal communities [32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Exclusions and Injustices In Ocean Management And Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social blunders -i.e., lack of consideration or inclusion in decision-making and perceived or real inequities -may also undermine the ocean sustainability agenda. For example, ignoring the voices and concerns of local people and resource users can lead to local community opposition to or civil society backlash against marine protected areas [24,27,93], blue carbon initiatives [29], or sustainable blue economy developments [52]. The International Collective in Support of Fisherworkers (ICSF) and World Forum of Fisherpeople (WFF), for example, have been vocal in their opposition to mangrove conservation through Blue Carbon market investments and also to other forms of blue economy development.…”

Section: The Rationale For Just and Inclusive Ocean Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating a just and inclusive path towards sustainable oceans

Bennett

2018

Marine Policy

170

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Abstract:The ocean is the next frontier for many conservation and development activities. Growth in marine protected areas, fisheries management, the blue economy, and marine spatial planning initiatives are occurring both within and beyond national jurisdictions. This mounting activity has coincided with increasing concerns about sustainability and international attention to ocean governance. Yet, despite growing concerns about exclusionary decision-making processes and social injustices, there remains inadequate attention to issues of social justice and inclusion in ocean science, management, governance and funding. In a rapidly changing and progressively busier ocean, we need to learn from past mistakes and identify ways to navigate a just and inclusive path towards sustainability. Proactive attention to inclusive decision-making and social justice is needed across key ocean policy realms including marine conservation, fisheries management, marine spatial planning, the blue economy, climate adaptation and global ocean governance for both ethical and instrumental reasons. This discussion paper aims to stimulate greater engagement with these critical topics. It is a call to action for ocean-focused researchers, policy-makers, managers, practitioners, and funders.

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Mangrove reforestation: greening or grabbing coastal zones and deltas? Case studies in Senegal

Cited by 62 publications

References 41 publications

Let the Women Harvest the Mangrove. Carbon Policy, and Environmental Injustice

Let the Women Harvest the Mangrove. Carbon Policy, and Environmental Injustice

Shellfish Collection in Senegambian Mangroves: A Female Knowledge System in a Priority Conservation Region

Navigating a just and inclusive path towards sustainable oceans

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