Mangroves

Lüttge, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/0-306-48155-3_6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Halophytes imply several strategies to cope with high concentrations of salts including (1) sodium exclusion from roots, (2) accumulation of high sodium in shoots, (3) shedding specialized leaves, (4) localizing salts in vacuoles, (5) excreting salts via salt glands etc. The role and contribution of each strategy depend on the habitat and type of a halophyte plant ( Flowers et al, 1977 ; Breckle, 2002 ; Lüttge, 2002 ; Flowers and Colmer, 2008 ; Munns and Tester, 2008 ; Shabala, 2013 ). So far the known transport systems in halophytes are basically the same like in glycophytes due to common ancestry and evolution ( Flowers et al, 2010 ): the trait of salt tolerance emerged independently over 70 times in different groups of grasses ( Bennett et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Ion Transport In Halophytes and Effects Of Salt Stress On Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity tolerance in plants. Quantitative approach to ion transport starting from halophytes and stepping to genetic and protein engineering for manipulating ion fluxes

Volkov

2015

Front. Plant Sci.

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ion transport is the fundamental factor determining salinity tolerance in plants. The Review starts from differences in ion transport between salt tolerant halophytes and salt-sensitive plants with an emphasis on transport of potassium and sodium via plasma membranes. The comparison provides introductory information for increasing salinity tolerance. Effects of salt stress on ion transport properties of membranes show huge opportunities for manipulating ion fluxes. Further steps require knowledge about mechanisms of ion transport and individual genes of ion transport proteins. Initially, the Review describes methods to measure ion fluxes, the independent set of techniques ensures robust and reliable basement for quantitative approach. The Review briefly summarizes current data concerning Na+ and K+ concentrations in cells, refers to primary thermodynamics of ion transport and gives special attention to individual ion channels and transporters. Simplified scheme of a plant cell with known transport systems at the plasma membrane and tonoplast helps to imagine the complexity of ion transport and allows choosing specific transporters for modulating ion transport. The complexity is enhanced by the influence of cell size and cell wall on ion transport. Special attention is given to ion transporters and to potassium and sodium transport by HKT, HAK, NHX, and SOS1 proteins. Comparison between non-selective cation channels and ion transporters reveals potential importance of ion transporters and the balance between the two pathways of ion transport. Further on the Review describes in detail several successful attempts to overexpress or knockout ion transporters for changing salinity tolerance. Future perspectives are questioned with more attention given to promising candidate ion channels and transporters for altered expression. Potential direction of increasing salinity tolerance by modifying ion channels and transporters using single point mutations is discussed and questioned. An alternative approach from synthetic biology is to create new regulation networks using novel transport proteins with desired properties for transforming agricultural crops. The approach had not been widely used earlier; it leads also to theoretical and pure scientific aspects of protein chemistry, structure-function relations of membrane proteins, systems biology and physiology of stress and ion homeostasis. Summarizing, several potential ways are aimed at required increase in salinity tolerance of plants of interest.

show abstract

Section: Ion Transport In Halophytes and Effects Of Salt Stress On Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity tolerance in plants. Quantitative approach to ion transport starting from halophytes and stepping to genetic and protein engineering for manipulating ion fluxes

Volkov

2015

Front. Plant Sci.

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…La Laguna de la Restinga presenta bosques de bajo porte que corresponden a ambientes áridos e hipersalinos, sin embargo llama la atención que se presenten promedios mayores de altura en algunas localidades hipersalinas al comparar con las localidades salinas (Cuadro 2), lo que puede indicar que la salinidad no ha sido el único factor limitante en el desarrollo CUADRO 4 Actividad enzimática por época climática en manglares de la Isla de Margarita, Venezuela sino que pueden existir relaciones a nivel de las características de cada sitio que marquen las diferencias. Por otro lado, al analizar las salinidades del agua intersticial y su relación con el estado del bosque de Rhizophora mangle en las localidades hipersalinas, se encontró que aunque la salinidad del agua intersticial era superior a los 55ups, no se evidenciaban signos de estrés como defoliación, clorosis masiva, o árboles muertos que pusieran en evidencia un riesgo en la persistencia del arbolado, a pesar de ser considera esta especie como una de las más suceptibles a la hipersalinización (Lüttge et al 2002). Por lo tanto, según los valores de salinidad es posible inferir que un proceso de salinización ya se haya iniciado en las zonas con vegetación de la Laguna de La Restinga, pero que el equilibrio aún se mantenga o que la salinidad del agua intersticial no sea el único factor limitante en la permanencia del bosque.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Dinámica de las propiedades del suelo en bosques de Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) en Isla de Margarita, Venezuela

Sánchez-Arias¹,

Paolini²,

Rodrı́guez³

2009

RBT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dynamics of soil properties in forests of Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) in Margarita Island, Venezuela. Biochemical and microbiological properties of soils can provide information related to ecosystems environmental status. With the aim to determine the response of microbial biomass, and enzymatic and microbial activity in hypersaline (IS≥55ups) and saline (IS<55ups) mangrove soils exposed to interstitial salinities (IS) greater than 36ups, these properties were measured in mono-specific forests of Rhizophora mangle at Laguna de la Restinga National Park (Margarita Island, Venezuela). During three seasons (dry, wet and transition), a total of 120 soil samples were collected from ten (5 hypersaline and 5 saline) randomly-selected sites of 1000m 2 each. Four soil samples (400-500g) per plot were randomly collected with a corer at a depth of 10cm using a 1m 2 quadrat; each sample consisted in the combination of 8 sub-samples (50-60g ea.). Physical, chemical, enzymatic, biochemical and microbiological properties of soil samples were determined using standard laboratory protocols. The response of microbial biomass and microbial and enzymatic activity was analyzed taking into account spatial and climatic factors and interstitial salinity. Microbial biomass was linked to each locality conditions, and was not sensitive to seasonal or salinity differences. Microbial activity remained functionally active during the study period and presented variable responses. Dehydrogenase activity proved to be a good indicator for flooded and anoxic environments, and arginine ammonification resulted to be the more sensitive microbial activity to changes in salinity. Regarding enzyme activities, spatial variability was the most widespread response. We did not find a unique general pattern between enzymatic activities and spatio-temporal variation; and only the enzyme phosphatase was negatively affected by salinity. We conclude that microbial populations of mangrove soils and their activities have functional adaptations to flooded and highly-saline environments typical of a negative estuary, subjected to drastic changes due to weather and water dynamics. Future studies are needed to determine the relation between the "health" of mangrove forest and microbial populations, and their activities in mangroves soils.

show abstract

Issues and Challenges of Mangrove conservation in the Anthropocene

Lugo

Medina

McGinley

2014

MYB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This essay addresses the conservation issues facing mangroves in the Anthropocene, defined as the era of human domination over the world. We review the laws, policies, international agreements, and local actions that address the conservation of mangrove forests in the Neotropics and relate them to the Anthropocene. Collaboration between governments, non-governmental organizations, and communities that depend on mangroves for their livelihood will be critical in the Anthropocene. The essay also reviews recent developments in mangrove ecology and ecophysiology that enlighten how mangroves might respond to changes in temperature and rainfall, sea level rise, and other anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Mangroves in the Anthropocene will also face changes in their species composition given the current movement of mangroves species across continental barriers as a result of human activity. These trends will lead to novel mangrove forests and in some cases expand the range of mangroves worldwide. The solution to mangrove persistence in the Anthropocene is not to isolate mangroves from people, but to regulate interactions between mangroves and humans through effective management. We will also have to expand the scope of the ecological analysis of mangrove ecosystems to include the social forces converging on the mangroves through an analytical approach that has been termed Social Ecology.Key words: carbon fluxes, climate change, community participation, ecophysiology, mangrove cover and cover change, novel ecosystems, oligo and eutrophy, protected areas, salinity stress. resumenEste ensayo aborda los problemas de conservación que enfrentan los manglares en el Antropoceno, definido como la época de la dominación humana sobre el mundo. En él repasamos las leyes, políticas, acuerdos internacionales y las acciones locales que se ocupan de la conservación de los bosques de mangle en el Neotrópico y se relacionan con el Antropoceno. La colaboración entre gobiernos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y las comunidades que dependen de los manglares para su sustento será decisiva en el Antropoceno. El ensayo también incluye comentarios sobre los avances recientes en ecología de manglares y en ecofisiología que explican cómo los manglares podrían responder a los cambios de temperatura y precipitación, el aumento del nivel del mar y otras perturbaciones naturales y antropogénicas. Los manglares en el Antropoceno también enfrentarán a cambios en su composición de especies, dado el actual movimiento de especies de manglares a través de barreras continentales como resultado de la actividad humana. Estas tendencias conducirán a nuevas formaciones de manglares y en algunos casos ampliarán la presencia de los manglares en todo el mundo. La solución a la persistencia de manglares en el Antropoceno es no aislar a los manglares de la gente, sino regular las interacciones entre los manglares y los seres humanos a través de una gestión eficaz. También tendremos que ampliar el alcance del análisis ecológico de los ecosistemas de ...

show abstract

Mangroves

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Salinity tolerance in plants. Quantitative approach to ion transport starting from halophytes and stepping to genetic and protein engineering for manipulating ion fluxes

Salinity tolerance in plants. Quantitative approach to ion transport starting from halophytes and stepping to genetic and protein engineering for manipulating ion fluxes

Dinámica de las propiedades del suelo en bosques de Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae) en Isla de Margarita, Venezuela

Issues and Challenges of Mangrove conservation in the Anthropocene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About