Manifestations of SIV-Induced Ocular Pathology in Macaque Monkeys

Johnson, JK; Warren, Kyle; Berman, Nancy E.J.; Narayan, Opendra; Stephens, Edward B.; Joag, Sanjay V.; Raghavan, Ravi; Marcario, Joanne K.; Cheney, P. D.

doi:10.1300/j128v02n04_01

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…We used this model system to explore the effects of morphine on pathogenesis of the infection with focus on this CNS aspect of the infection. SIVmacR71/17E has been shown in earlier studies to cause AIDS and neurological disease assessed pathologically Johnson et al 2004), stereologically , behaviorally (Marcario et al 1999a and b), and neurophysiologically (Raymond et al , 2000 in Indian Rhesus Macaques. The present study showed that infected animals treated with morphine failed to develop ELISPOT responses, in contrast to the infected, non-treated animals that did develop the CMI response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of Morphine on the Neuropathogenesis of SIVmac Infection in Indian Rhesus Macaques

Marcario

Riazi

Adany

et al. 2007

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Morphine is known to prevent the development of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses and enhance expression of the CCR5 receptor in monocyte macrophages. We undertook a study to determine the effect of morphine on the neuropathogenesis and immunopathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in Indian Rhesus Macaques. Hypothetically, the effect of morphine would be to prevent the development of CMI responses to SIV and to enhance the infection in macrophages. Sixteen Rhesus Macaques were divided into three experimental groups: M (morphine only, n = 5), VM (morphine + SIV, n = 6), and V (SIV only, n = 5). Animals in groups M and VM were given 2.5 mg/kg of morphine sulfate, four times daily, for up to 59 weeks. Groups VM and V were inoculated with SIVmacR71/17E 26 weeks after the beginning of morphine administration. Morphine prevented the development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot-forming cell CMI responses in contrast to virus control animals, all of which developed CMI. Whereas morphine treatment had no effect on viremia, cerebrospinal fluid viral titers or survival over the time course of the study, the drug was associated with a tendency for greater build-up of virus in the brains of infected animals. Histopathological changes in the brains of animals that developed disease were of a demyelinating type in the VM animals compared to an encephalitic type in the V animals. This difference may have been associated with the immunosuppressive effect of the drug in inhibiting CMI responses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%