Manipulating dietary fibre: Gum Arabic making friends of the colon and the kidney

Khalid, Sami A.; Musa, A.; Saeed, Amal; Abugroun, Elsir A.; Ahmed, Elamin; Ghalib, Mohamed; Elnima, Elamin Ibrahim; Alkarib, Suaad Y.; Abdelsalam, Tagelsir Mustafa; Abdelgader, Abdelmagid; Phillips, Glyn O.; Phillips, Aled Owain

doi:10.1016/j.bcdf.2014.01.005

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These findings are comparable to the GA effect among sickle cell patients (30). GA increased nitrogen excretion in stool reducing serum urea levels (34,35); probably this is what reduced the urea levels in our study, in addition to the reduction in inflammatory status due to regular GA consumption (22). The creatinine clearance was found to be low among RA patients compared with healthy subjects because of muscle atrophy and lower creatinine production (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Dietary Fibers (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulates Hepatic and Renal Profile Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Phase II Trial

Kamal

Kaddam

Alagib³

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the synovial joints with systemic manifestations. RA has a major impact on liver and kidney functions as part of the disease pathogenesis or as a sequel of disease medications or, mostly, both of them. The kidney and liver involvement increases the RA morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, dietary interventions are proposed as potential modifiers for disease severity. Gum Arabic (GA) is acacia senegal exudates; it is soluble fiber with prebiotic properties. GA has been discovered to be protective against experimental nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, with comparable findings in human studies. This article addresses the effect of GA on hepatic and renal profile among RA patients.Methods: Forty patients aged 18–70 received GA daily for 12 weeks as a single dose of 30 g. The liver enzymes, total protein level, serum albumin, serum globulin level, urea, creatinine, and serum electrolytes have been measured as a baseline after 4 weeks and by the end of the study. Cobas C311 (Roche, Germany) automated chemistry analyzer directly determined the values for total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine. The study ethically has been approved by the Ethical Committee of the National Medicines and Poisons Board. Trial Registration Identifier: NCT02804581.Results: Regarding the liver enzymes, GA has significantly decreased the liver enzymes apart from alkaline phosphatase, which showed no significant change. In contrast, GA has increased the serum albumin level with a minor impact on the serum globulin level. Furthermore, GA has also significantly decreased the level of urea (P = 0.0001) and level of Sodium (P = 0.002) with nonsignificant change on creatinine and potassium concentrations.Conclusion: GA presents hepatic and renal protective effects among RA patients, evidenced by the significant reduction of urea and liver enzymes. Thus, it can be recommended as a dietary supplement for RA patients. Nonetheless, we recommend further investigation to support our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Dietary Fibers (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulates Hepatic and Renal Profile Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Phase II Trial

Kamal

Kaddam

Alagib³

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…Nevertheless, the serum urea levels in two patients with high serum urea level (38 and 63 mg/dL) were decreased significantly within the first month to 12 and 20 mg/dL, respectively. Reduction in serum urea level could be due to an increased urea nitrogen excretion in the stool [272829]. GA did not affect serum creatinine level (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical effects and safety of Gum arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation in patients with sickle cell anemia

et al. 2019

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Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia with several clinical consequences. Intravascular sickling of red blood cells leads to multi-organ dysfunction. Moreover, several biochemical abnormalities have been associated with SCA. Gum arabic (GA) is an edible dried gummy exudate obtained from Acacia Senegal tree. GA showed antioxidant and cytoprotective activities and demonstrated protection against hepatic, renal, and cardiac toxicities in experimental rats. We hypothesized that regular intake of GA improves renal and liver functions in patients with SCA. Methods Forty-seven patients (5–42 yr) carrying hemoglobin SS were recruited. The patients received 30 g/day GA for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected before administering GA and then after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Liver enzymes, total protein, albumin, electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and uric acid were determined in the serum. The study was approved by the Al Neelain University Institutional Review Board and Research Ethics Committee Ministry of Health. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02467257 ). Results GA significantly decreased direct bilirubin level [statistical significance ( P -value)=0.04]. It also significantly decreased serum alanine transaminase level after 4 weeks, which was sustained till the 8th week. GA, however, had no effect on serum aspartate transaminase level. In terms of renal function, GA decreased serum urea level but the effect was not sustained after the first month. Conclusion GA may alter the disease severity in SCA as demonstrated by its ability to decrease direct bilirubin and urea levels in the serum.

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“…Gum Arabic is a polysaccharide compound that is found as a neutral to slightly acidic salt [27] [28], contains soluble fiber [29], has a pH of approximately 4.5 -5.5 [30], and is considered a comparatively weak polyelectrolyte [31]. Gum arabic is used in many applications as a thickener, stabilizer and emulsifier [32] [33]. Gum arabic is utilized as a dispersant for carbon nanotubes [34], α-Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 [35], and Fe 3 O 4 [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Stabilization of Vaterite Calcium Carbonate by Using Natural Polysaccharide

Saraya¹,

Rokbaa²

2017

ANP

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This paper aimed to study the effects of natural polysaccharide (gum arabic, GA) on the formation of vaterite calcium carbonate and its stability in aqueous solution. Gum arabic is a macromolecule that has a high molecular weight and is amphoteric in character. A 0, 2.5, 5 or 10 ml of GA solution (30%) was added to the calcium chloride solution with various initial concentrations to prepare the vaterite calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate particles were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and DSC-TG as well as calculation of phase contents. The results of XRD and FTIR analysis were showing that the presence of GA during the precipitation changes the behavior of calcium carbonate to form vaterite until at lower dose used. In addition, the molar content of vaterite increased at the expense of content of calcite with increasing the GA dose. There are slightly improvements in the vaterite content by increasing the initial concentration. The formed vaterite calcium carbonates composed of aggregates as broccoli-like or spherical shape and with particle size 1.6 -2.5 µm in diameter. TEM images showed that these aggregates composed of the sub spherical unit with diameter 15 -30 nm. The thermal behavior of prepared vaterite was conformed the mineral composition of these phases. The prepared calcium carbonate, which is formed in the presence of different doses of gum, has a stability in the aqueous solutions at different temperatures, as the analyzes indicated that a very small percentage of the vaterite were converted to calcite. The gum arabic prevented or depressed the transformation of vaterite to calcite through capped the surface of particles, i.e. it is more effective in stabilizing the vaterite phase with increasing in initial concentration and time.

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Manipulating dietary fibre: Gum Arabic making friends of the colon and the kidney

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Dietary Fibers (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulates Hepatic and Renal Profile Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Phase II Trial

Dietary Fibers (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulates Hepatic and Renal Profile Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Phase II Trial

Biochemical effects and safety of Gum arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation in patients with sickle cell anemia

Formation and Stabilization of Vaterite Calcium Carbonate by Using Natural Polysaccharide

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