Manipulating Electrical and Fluidic Access in Integrated Nanopore‐Microfluidic Arrays Using Microvalves

Tahvildari, Radin; Beamish, Eric; Briggs, Kyle; Chagnon-Lessard, S.; Sohi, Ali Najafi; Han, Shuo; Watts, Benjamin; Tabard‐Cossa, Vincent; Godin, Michel

doi:10.1002/smll.201602601

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Standard soft lithography methods were used to generate molds on silicon wafers, as described previously (Benavente‐Babace et al, ; Tahvildari et al, ). A negative photoresist SU‐8‐2050 (MicroChem) was deposited onto clean silicon wafers to a thickness of 80–100 μm for devices and 120 μm for microwells (a double‐layer mold).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for controlling egress of therapeutic cells from hydrogel microcapsules

Benavente‐Babace

Haase

Stewart

et al. 2019

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Endothelial progenitor cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) haveshown great regenerative potential to repair damaged tissue; however, their injection in vivo results in low retention and poor cell survival. Early clinical research has focussed on cell encapsulation to improve viability and integration of delivered cells. However, this strategy has been limited by the inability to reproduce large volumes of standardized microcapsules and the lack of information on cell-specific egress and timed release from hydrogel microcapsules. Here, we address both of these limitations. First, we use a droplet microfluidic platform to generate monodisperse agarose microcapsules, and second we encapsulate and characterize egress of therapeutically relevant cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and hMSCs). With increased temporal resolution, we demonstrate distinct differences in egress between cell types. Importantly, therapeutic cells (hMSCs) egress quickly, in <6 hr following encapsulation. Further, we examined potential escape mechanisms and showed that proliferation can be exploited by cells for microcapsule translocation. We also systematically characterized the egress of fibroblasts (as model cells) following alterations to the microcapsules. Specifically, we show that microcapsule size and hydrogel density impact cell egress efficiency.Overall, our results demonstrate the need for characterization of cell-specific egress and tuning of the cocoon microenvironment prior to delivery, for timely release and successful engraftment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for controlling egress of therapeutic cells from hydrogel microcapsules

Benavente‐Babace

Haase

Stewart

et al. 2019

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…The helium ion milling approach, although successful for sub‐5 nm nanopore arrays, is prohibitively expensive and unavailable to many laboratories . A low‐cost alternative to ssNP fabrication is controlled dielectric breakdown (CBD), which to fabricate nanopore arrays requires that each intended nanopore site be electrically isolated from the others, whether by an integrated microfluidic channel or by a microscale liquid contact …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated, Ultra‐Fast Laser‐Drilling of Nanometer Scale Pores and Nanopore Arrays in Aqueous Solutions

Gilboa

Zvuloni

Zrehen

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The ability to quickly and reliably fabricate nanoscale pore arrays in ultrathin membranes such as silicon nitride (Si x N) is extremely important for the growing field of nanopore biosensing. Laser-based etching of thin Si x N membranes immersed in aqueous solutions has recently been demonstrated as a method to produce stable functional pores. Herein, the principal mechanism governing material etching and pore formation using light is investigated. It is found that the process is extremely sensitive to the relative content of Si over N atoms in the amorphous membrane, produced by chemical vapor deposition. Commonly, Si x N membranes are made to be Si-rich to increase their mechanical stability, which substantially reduces the material's bandgap and increases the density of Si-dangling bonds. Hence, even minimal batchto-batch variation may lead to remarkably different etch rates. It is shown that higher Si content results in orders of magnitude faster etching rates. This rate is further accelerated in an alkaline environment allowing on-demand controlled nanopore formation in about 10 s time even at low laser radiation intensities. These results highlight that photoactivation of the Si x N by the incident beam is critical to the chemical etching process and can be used to readily produce nanopore arrays at any specific location.

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Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to extend the capability of CBD method to specialized but promising applications, numerous efforts have been made in locally controlled CBD fabrication, which includes local thinning of the membrane by focused helium ions or a laser beam, [ 59–61 ] restricted liquid contact area of the membrane, [ 62–64 ] or atomic scale contact by atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe. [ 65 ] In 2017, Carlsen et al.…”

Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Aspects about Solid‐State Nanopores for Protein Sensing: Fabrication, Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Durability

Tong

Zhao

2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Solid‐state nanopores are a mimic of innate biological nanopores embedded on lipid membranes. They are fabricated on thin suspended layers of synthetic materials that provide superior thermal, mechanical, chemical stability, and geometry flexibility. As their counterpart biological nanopores reach the goal of DNA sequencing and become commercial, solid‐state nanopores thrive in aspects of protein sensing and have become an important research component for clinical diagnostic technologies. This review focuses on resistive pulse sensing modes, which are versatile for low‐cost, portable sensing devices and summarizes four main aspects toward commercially available resistive pulse‐based protein sensing techniques using solid‐state nanopores. In each aspect of fabrication, sensitivity, selectivity, and durability, brief fundamentals are introduced and the challenges and improvements are discussed. The rapid advance of a practical technique requires greater multidisciplinary cooperation. The review aims at clarifying existing obstacles in solid‐state nanopore based protein sensing, intriguing readers with existing solutions and finally encouraging multidisciplinary researchers to advance the development of this promising protein sensing methodology.

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Manipulating Electrical and Fluidic Access in Integrated Nanopore‐Microfluidic Arrays Using Microvalves

Abstract: On-chip microvalves regulate electrical and fluidic access to an array of nanopores integrated within microfluidic networks. This configuration allows for on-chip sequestration of biomolecular samples in various flow channels and analysis by independent nanopores.

Cited by 36 publications

References 47 publications

Strategies for controlling egress of therapeutic cells from hydrogel microcapsules

Strategies for controlling egress of therapeutic cells from hydrogel microcapsules

Automated, Ultra‐Fast Laser‐Drilling of Nanometer Scale Pores and Nanopore Arrays in Aqueous Solutions

Four Aspects about Solid‐State Nanopores for Protein Sensing: Fabrication, Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Durability

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