Manipulating neural activity in physiologically classified neurons: triumphs and challenges

Gore, Felicity; Schwartz, Edmund C.; Salzman, C. Daniel

doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0216

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…In order to answer these questions, more advanced techniques of studying anatomy and function of neural circuits are needed. Since c-fos -dependent tools proved to be very useful in the studies on the role of neural circuits in control of non-social emotional behavior and forming memory traces (Gore et al, 2015, Ramirez et al, 2015), description of patterns of c-Fos expression in response to socially transferred emotions seems to be a good starting point for analogous studies in the field of social emotions. Moreover, reciprocal functional connectivity should be described to understand relations between different brain structures.…”

Section: Neuronal Correlates Of Emotional Contagionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roots of empathy: Through the lens of rodent models

Meyza

Bartal

Monfils

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

156

125

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Empathy is a phenomenon often considered dependent on higher-order emotional control and an ability to relate to the emotional state of others. It is, by many, attributed only to species having well-developed cortical circuits capable of performing such complex tasks. However, over the years, a wealth of data has been accumulated showing that rodents are capable not only of sharing emotional states of their conspecifics, but also of prosocial behavior driven by such shared experiences. The study of rodent empathic behaviors is only now becoming an independent research field. Relevant animal models allow precise manipulation of neural networks, thereby offering insight into the foundations of empathy in the mammalian brains. Here we review the data on empathic behaviors in rat and mouse models, their neurobiological and neurophysiological correlates, and the factors influencing these behaviors. We discuss how simple rodent models of empathy enhance our understanding of how brain controls empathic behaviors.

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Section: Neuronal Correlates Of Emotional Contagionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roots of empathy: Through the lens of rodent models

Meyza

Bartal

Monfils

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

156

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using genetic strategies, neurons can now be targeted that, for example, project or receive input from a specific brain area or are activated in a specific context. In contrast to electrical stimulation approaches, these neurons can be selectively activated and inactivated even when they are locally intermingled with other neurons (see Gore et al [ 25 ] for a critical review of these approaches). But it remains to be seen whether combinations of functionally, genetically, anatomically and perhaps morphologically targeted intervention methods will succeed in identifying and controlling the circuitry underlying complex cognitive behaviours.…”

Section: Development Of More Sophisticated Tools To Manipulate Brain mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the brain by controlling neural activity

Krug

Salzman

Waddell

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Causal methods to interrogate brain function have been employed since the advent of modern neuroscience in the nineteenth century. Initially, randomly placed electrodes and stimulation of parts of the living brain were used to localize specific functions to these areas. Recent technical developments have rejuvenated this approach by providing more precise tools to dissect the neural circuits underlying behaviour, perception and cognition. Carefully controlled behavioural experiments have been combined with electrical devices, targeted genetically encoded tools and neurochemical approaches to manipulate information processing in the brain. The ability to control brain activity in these ways not only deepens our understanding of brain function but also provides new avenues for clinical intervention, particularly in conditions where brain processing has gone awry.

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“…22), largely in rodents. However, substantial evidence indicates that the amygdala is involved in learning the relationship between a CS and both appetitive or aversive USs, as well as in coordinating responses to these stimuli (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). The initial view that the amygdala was specialized for aversive processing may have resulted from studies that only studied negative emotional valence; it remained unclear whether the same amygdala neurons participated in processing both positive and negative emotional valences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of nonhuman primate research to the understanding of emotion and cognition and its clinical relevance

Bernardi

Salzman

2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Psychiatric disorders are often conceptualized as arising from dysfunctional interactions between neural systems mediating cognitive and emotional processes. Mechanistic insights into these interactions have been lacking in part because most work in emotions has occurred in rodents, often without concurrent manipulations of cognitive variables. Nonhuman primate (NHP) model systems provide a powerful platform for investigating interactions between cognitive operations and emotions due to NHPs’ strong homology with humans in behavioral repertoire and brain anatomy. Recent electrophysiological studies in NHPs have delineated how neural signals in the amygdala, a brain structure linked to emotion, predict impending appetitive and aversive stimuli. In addition, abstract conceptual information has also been shown to be represented in the amygdala and in interconnected brain structures such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Flexible adjustments of emotional behavior require the ability to apply conceptual knowledge and generalize to different, often novel, situations, a hallmark example of interactions between cognitive and emotional processes. Elucidating the neural mechanisms that explain how the brain processes conceptual information in relation to emotional variables promises to provide important insights into the pathophysiology accounting for symptoms in neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Manipulating neural activity in physiologically classified neurons: triumphs and challenges

Cited by 12 publications

References 134 publications

The roots of empathy: Through the lens of rodent models

The roots of empathy: Through the lens of rodent models

Understanding the brain by controlling neural activity

The contribution of nonhuman primate research to the understanding of emotion and cognition and its clinical relevance

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