Manipulation of Components of Context: The Context Shift Effect and Forgetting of Stimulus Attributes

Zhou, Yili; Riccio, David C.

doi:10.1006/lmot.1996.0023

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…According to a recent study, this occurs through preferential loss of hippocampus-dependent configurational components from memory, as of one week after encoding (Talamini and Gorree, 2012). Other studies have also shown diminished context-sensitivity of memories over time (Zhou and Riccio, 1996), some of them in relation to hippocampal disengagement from retrieval (Wiltgen and Silva, 2007;Winocur et al, 2007). This suggests that system-level consolidation is related to a loss of memories' configurational complexity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms supporting the extraction of general knowledge across episodic memories

et al. 2014

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oGeneral knowledge acquisition entails the extraction of statistical regularities from the environment. At high levels of complexity, this may involve the extraction, and consolidation, of associative regularities across event memories. The underlying neural mechanisms would likely involve a hippocampo-neocortical dialog, as proposed previously for system-level consolidation. To test these hypotheses, we assessed possible differences in consolidation between associative memories containing cross-episodic regularities and unique associative memories. Subjects learned face-location associations, half of which responded to complex regularities regarding the combination of facial features and locations, whereas the other half did not. Importantly, regularities could only be extracted over hippocampus-encoded, associative aspects of the items. Memory was assessed both immediately after encoding and 48 h later, under fMRI acquisition. Our results suggest that processes related to system-level reorganization occur preferentially for regular associations across episodes. Moreover, the buildup of general knowledge regarding regular associations appears to involve the coordinated activity of the hippocampus and mediofrontal regions. The putative cross-talk between these two regions might support a mechanism for regularity extraction. These findings suggest that the consolidation of cross-episodic regularities may be a key mechanism underlying general knowledge acquisition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms supporting the extraction of general knowledge across episodic memories

et al. 2014

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“…A number of studies have shown that the impaired performance produced by a change in context decreases as a function of the trainingto-test (shift) interval; in short, the two different contexts become more functionally alike (Zhou & Riccio, 1996; for review, see Riccio, Richardson, & Ebner, 1984). Very little is known, however, about the mechanisms involved in producing this "forgetting of stimulus attributes," as it has been called.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This context shift effect, found in both human and animal studies (see, e.g., Boller & Rovee-Collier, 1992;Godden & Baddeley, 1975;Gordon, McCracken, DessBeech, & Mowrer, 1981;Smith, 1979;Zhou & Riccio, 1996), is typically attributed to a memory deficit resulting from the removal of retrieval cues. In one of the few studies focusing on memory transfer, Boller and RoveeCollier (1992) trained 6-month-old infants to kick a leg to activate a mobile and then immediately exposed them to a novel context (crib liner).…”

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confidence: 98%

Transfer of memory retrieval cues in rats

Briggs

Fitz

Riccio

2007

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…These features are evident in rodent models of fear conditioning as the number and intensity of foot shocks (Fanselow and Bolles 1979;Fanselow 1980Fanselow , 1984Young and Fanselow 1992;Maren et al 1994), the ability to discriminate environmental contexts (Zhou and Riccio 1996;Biedenkapp and Rudy 2007;Wiltgen and Silva 2007;Xu and Sudhof 2013), and the retention interval (Pickens et al 2013) can greatly influence fear expression. The extent to which the level of fear and the memory retention interval interact may yield important insights into the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).…”

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confidence: 99%

Conditioning- and time-dependent increases in context fear and generalization

et al. 2016

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A prominent feature of fear memories and anxiety disorders is that they endure across extended periods of time. Here, we examine how the severity of the initial fear experience influences incubation, generalization, and sensitization of contextual fear memories across time. Adult rats were presented with either five, two, one, or zero shocks (1.2 mA, 2 sec) during contextual fear conditioning. Following a recent (1 d) or remote (28 d) retention interval all subjects were returned to the original training context to measure fear memory and/or to a novel context to measure the specificity of fear conditioning. Our results indicate rats that received two or five shocks show an "incubation"-like enhancement of fear between recent and remote retention intervals, while single-shocked animals show stable levels of context fear memory. Moreover, when fear was tested in a novel context, 1 and 2 shocked groups failed to freeze, whereas five shocked rats showed a time-dependent generalization of context memory. Stress enhancement of fear learning to a second round of conditioning was evident in all previously shocked animals. Based on these results, we conclude that the severity or number of foot shocks determines not only the level of fear memory, but also the time-dependent incubation of fear and its generalization across distinct contexts.

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Manipulation of Components of Context: The Context Shift Effect and Forgetting of Stimulus Attributes

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Neural mechanisms supporting the extraction of general knowledge across episodic memories

Neural mechanisms supporting the extraction of general knowledge across episodic memories

Transfer of memory retrieval cues in rats

Conditioning- and time-dependent increases in context fear and generalization

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