Manipulation of Metabolic Pathways to Develop Vitamin-Enriched Crops for Human Health

Ling, Jiang; Wang, Weixuan; Lian, Tong; Zhang, Chunyi

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00937

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…We focused our assessment of gene function on the set of 39 genes (Supplemental Table S14) identified as candidates in all three approaches ( G × E , eGWAS, and PCAdapt), many of which have functions that consistent with adaption to abiotic and biotic stress. Zm00001d046909 (homogentisate phytyltransferase hpt1 ), for example, is active in Vitamin E biosynthesis (59; 60), known to play a role in tolerance to salinity, drought, cold temperature, metal toxicity, ozone, and UV radiation stress (reviewed in (61)). SNPs in Zm00001d046909 are associated with daily temperature variability during the growing season, and show G × E effects for ear mass and temperature, precipitation, and elevation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Gates

Runcie

Janzen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Threats to crop production due to climate change are one of the greatest challenges facing plant breeders today. While considerable adaptive variation exists in traditional landraces, natural populations of crop wild relatives, and ex situ germplasm collections, separating adaptive alleles from linked deleterious variants that impact agronomic traits is challenging and has limited the utility of these diverse germplasm resources. Modern genome editing techniques such as CRISPR offer a potential solution by targeting specific alleles for transfer to new backgrounds, but such methods require a higher degree of precision than traditional mapping approaches can achieve. Here we present a high-resolution genome-wide association analysis to identify loci exhibiting adaptive patterns in a large panel of more than 4500 traditional maize landraces representing the breadth of genetic diversity of maize in Mexico. We evaluate associations between genotype and plant performance in 13 common gardens across a range of environments, identifying hundreds of candidate genes underlying genotype by environment interaction. We further identify genetic associations with environment across Mexico and show that such loci are associated with variation in yield and flowering time in our field trials and predict performance in independent drought trials. Our results indicate that the variation necessary to adapt crops to changing climate exists in traditional landraces that have been subject to ongoing environmental adaptation and can be identified by both phenotypic and environmental association.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Gates

Runcie

Janzen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Conversely, early generation crosses such as F 2 s and backcross containing abundant recombinant, combined with high through-put genotyping method are powerful to detect QTLs (Vales et al 2005;Chen et al 2014a). Gene pyramiding by marker-assisted selection is an effective means of fortifying vitamins, such as vitamin A and vitamin E (Jiang et al 2017), and the lack of functional-loci identification and prohibitive cost for XXX 2019 | Volume XXXX | Issue XXXX | XXX-XX www.jipb.net folate profiling limits the molecular breeding of folates in maize to a large extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In plants, pteridine and para‐aminobenzoate are biosynthesized in the cytoplasm and chloroplast, respectively, and then transported to the mitochondrion to form folpolyglutamates (Blancquaert et al ). Based on the pathways of folate metabolism in plants, different strategies have been designed to increase the amount of folates in crops, including enhancing folate and one‐carbon metabolism, and increasing the stability of folates by genetic modification (Jiang et al ). For example, to enhance folate biosynthesis, increasing dihydrofolate synthetase or folylpolyglutamate synthetase alone, reducing the activity of gamma glutamyl hydrolase alone, or increasing the transcriptional levels of genes encoding GTP cyclohydrolase I and aminodeoxychorismate synthase individually or together are three successful strategies in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ), maize ( Zea mays ), potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), rice ( Oryza sativa ), and tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) (Diaz de la Garza et al ; Diaz de la Garza et al ; Storozhenko et al ; Naqvi et al ; De Lepeleire et al ; Liang et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mapping of folate QTLs using a segregated population in maize

Guo

Lian

Wang

et al. 2019

JIPB

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As essential B vitamin for humans, folates accumulation in edible parts of crops, such as maize kernels, is of great importance for human health. But its breeding is always limited by the prohibitive cost of folate profiling. The molecular breeding is a more executable and efficient way for folate fortification, but is limited by the molecular knowledge of folate regulation. Here we report the genetic mapping of folate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a segregated population crossed by two maize lines, one high in folate (GEMS31) and the other low in folate (DAN3130). Two folate QTLs on chromosome 5 were obtained by the combination of F2 whole‐exome sequencing and F3 kernel‐folate profiling. These two QTLs had been confirmed by bulk segregant analysis using F6 pooled DNA and F7 kernel‐folate profiling, and were overlapped with QTLs identified by another segregated population. These two QTLs contributed 41.6% of phenotypic variation of 5‐formyltetrahydrofolate, the most abundant storage form among folate derivatives in dry maize grains, in the GEMS31×DAN3130 population. Their fine mapping and functional analysis will reveal details of folate metabolism, and provide a basis for marker‐assisted breeding aimed at the enrichment of folates in maize kernels.

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“…3 and 9), but how they are transported and regulated has received only scant attention, particularly for the B vitamin family (10). Many of the advances in plant vitamin research have been coupled with breakthroughs in genetic modification techniques (11)(12)(13) and improved understanding of plant metabolic networks (14)(15)(16), which have paved the way for biotechnological exploitation of a plant's natural vitamin physiology. Due to the breadth of this field, this review will predominantly focus on the importance of plant thiamine (vitamin B 1 ) in food security, covering its roles in plant disease resistance, stress tolerance, and crop yield, and continuing onto the potentials of biofortification of crops with increased thiamine content for human consumption.…”

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confidence: 99%

The importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in plant health: From crop yield to biofortification

Fitzpatrick

Chapman

2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

114

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Ensuring that people have access to sufficient and nutritious food is necessary for a healthy life and the core tenet of food security. With the global population set to reach 9.8 billion by 2050, and the compounding effects of climate change, the planet is facing challenges that necessitate significant and rapid changes in agricultural practices. In the effort to provide food in terms of calories, the essential contribution of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) to nutrition is often overlooked. Here, we focus on the importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in plant health and discuss its impact on human health. Vitamin B1 is an essential dietary component and deficiencies in this micronutrient underlie several diseases, notably nervous system disorders. The predominant source of dietary vitamin B1 is plant-based foods. Moreover, vitamin B1 is also vital for plants themselves, and its benefits in plant health have received less attention than in the human health sphere. In general, vitamin B1 is well characterized for its role as a coenzyme in metabolic pathways, particularly those involved in energy production and central metabolism, including carbon assimilation and respiration. Vitamin B1 is also emerging as an important component of plant stress responses, and several non-coenzyme roles of this vitamin are being characterized. We summarize the importance of vitamin B1 in plants from the perspective of food security, including its roles in plant disease resistance, stress tolerance, and crop yield, and review the potential benefits of biofortification of crops with increased vitamin B1 content to improve human health.

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Manipulation of Metabolic Pathways to Develop Vitamin-Enriched Crops for Human Health

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Genetic mapping of folate QTLs using a segregated population in maize

The importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in plant health: From crop yield to biofortification

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