Manipulation of the 2n-gametes frequencies in Solanum pollen

Eijlander, R.

doi:10.1007/bf00043366

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…al.·Silvae Genetica (2015) 64-3, 99-108 DOI:10.1515/sg-2015-0009 edited by Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics the efficiency of sexual polyploidisation in unreduced pollen. Unreduced pollen grains could be mechanically sieved through a nylon mesh to achieve an enrichment based on the difference in the size between normal and unreduced pollen (EIJLANDER, 1988;TAKAMURA and MIYA-JIMA, 2002;OKAZAKI et al, 2005;SUGIURA et al, 2000;ZHANG et al, 1997). Velocity sedimentation has been also used to separate large and small pollen effectively from a heterogeneous mixture of potato (SIMON and SANFORD, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization and in vitro germination of heat-treated pollen in Eucommia ulmoides

Song

Tian

et al. 2015

Silvae Genetica

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Polyploid breeding has the potential to increase the economic secondary metabolites of Eucommia ulmoides. However, pollination with induced ploidy-mixed pollen has failed to produce polyploids (GAO, 2006). In this investigation, the morphological characterization and in vitro germination of heat-induced ploidy-mixed pollen of E. ulmoides were analysed to determine why there is no polyploid production. Heat-treated pollen grains were easily distinguished as large and small according to their length. The large pollen grains were significantly longer than both untreated and heat-treated small samples, suggesting that they were probably 2n pollen. Rather than the three germinal pores in small pollen, the large grains typically had four pores and, in some cases, shallow furrows, which might affect their germination. Although the maximal germination rates of the treated small and large pollen were not significantly different, the large pollen germinated tardily during the early stages of incubation. The small pollen maintained its growth during the incubation, but the tube growth of large pollen almost stopped after 24 h incubation. Both vegetative and generative nuclei in the large pollen moved into tubes later than in small pollen and the frequency of mitosis in generative nuclei of large pollen was low. Therefore, the tardy germination, poor tube growth, and weak activity of both vegetative and generative nuclei probably caused the poor competition of large pollen in certation. Finally, techniques to increase the competition of highploidy pollen and the prospect of 2n female gamete induction in the polyploid breeding program of E. ulmoides are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization and in vitro germination of heat-treated pollen in Eucommia ulmoides

Song

Tian

et al. 2015

Silvae Genetica

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“…Several methods of increase have been proposed and tested. First, selection for increased 2n pollen frequency based on pollen volume has been attempted by Eijlander (1988) working on Solanum. An increase in high diameter pollen (of 2n status), without a decrease in pollen viability, was obtained by sieving the pollen to separate pollen of diflFerent sizes.…”

Section: Selection For 2n Gamete Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametes with the somatic chromosome number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants

1995

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summary The production of 2n gametes in plants, i.e. gametes with a somatic chromosome number, is considered to be the dominant process involved in the origin of polyploid plants. In this review, we provide a synthesis of current knowledge concerning the production of 2n gametes. Firstly, we describe the different methods used to detect and quantify the production of 2n gametes in plants, which include morphological and flow cytometry screening of the occurrence of 2n pollen, the analysis of crosses among diploid and tetraploid parents and the instigation of micro‐and mega‐sporogenesis. Secondly, the high level of inter‐ and infra‐specific variation in 2n gametes production is described. Thirdly, the various cytological anomalies responsible for the production of 2n gametes are reviewed, with particular reference to the relative genetic consequences of the first and second restitution divisions that give rise to 2n gametes. Fourthly, the significance of 2n gametes in crop plant improvement is discussed, in relation to somatic chromosome doubling to obtain new polyploid varieties. In particular, we compare the genetic and yield consequences of methods based on unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization. Finally, we outline how knowledge of the variety of mechanisms involved in 2n gamete production have increased our understanding of the evolutionary significance of polyploidy and the population biology of polyploid plants.

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“…Crude estimates of proportions of diploid pollen grains are commonly provided by applying simple thresholding techniques (cf. Den Nijs & Stephenson, 1988;Eijlander, 1988;Van Tuyl et al, 1989), or by using sets of control data of haploid and diploid pollen grains (cf. Veronesi et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A statistical mixture model for estimating the proportion of unreduced pollen grains in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) via the size of pollen grains

Jansen

Nijs

1993

Euphytica

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The size of pollen grains is commonly used to indicate the ploidy level of pollen grains. In this paper observations of the diameter of pollen grains are evaluated from one diploid accession of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), which was expected to produce diploid (unreduced) pollen grains in addition to haploid pollen grains. The considerable overlap of the diameter distributions of haploid and diploid pollen grains severely hampers the accurate estimation of the proportion of diploid pollen grains. To overcome this problem we develop in this paper a statistical normal mixture model and we describe a method to test for the production of diploid pollen grains from a diploid parent, and to estimate the proportion of diploid pollen grains.

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Manipulation of the 2n-gametes frequencies in Solanum pollen

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Morphological characterization and in vitro germination of heat-treated pollen in Eucommia ulmoides

Morphological characterization and in vitro germination of heat-treated pollen in Eucommia ulmoides

Gametes with the somatic chromosome number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants

A statistical mixture model for estimating the proportion of unreduced pollen grains in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) via the size of pollen grains

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