Manipulation of the Upper Respiratory Microbiota to Reduce Incidence and Severity of Upper Respiratory Viral Infections: A Literature Review

Nesbitt, Henry; Burke, Catherine; Haghi, Mehra

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.713703

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…Our findings suggest its high prevalence in both CF and NCFB. Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium ) is also found in the upper respiratory tract [ 51 ], but in this study, it emerged as a major component of the lung microbiota of both disease cohorts. The NCFB cohort also exhibited three exclusive genera in its core: Capnocytophaga , Lautropia , and Treponema .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparative microbiome analysis in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.

Motta,

Reuwsaat,

Lopes

et al. 2024

Respir Res

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Background Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by abnormal and irreversible bronchial dilation resulting from lung tissue damage and can be categorized into two main groups: cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB). Both diseases are marked by recurrent infections, inflammatory exacerbations, and lung damage. Given that infections are the primary drivers of disease progression, characterization of the respiratory microbiome can shed light on compositional alterations and susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs in these cases compared to healthy individuals. Methods To assess the microbiota in the two studied diseases, 35 subjects were recruited, comprising 10 NCFB and 13 CF patients and 12 healthy individuals. Nasopharyngeal swabs and induced sputum were collected, and total DNA was extracted. The DNA was then sequenced by the shotgun method and evaluated using the SqueezeMeta pipeline and R. Results We observed reduced species diversity in both disease cohorts, along with distinct microbial compositions and profiles of antimicrobial resistance genes, compared to healthy individuals. The nasopharynx exhibited a consistent microbiota composition across all cohorts. Enrichment of members of the Burkholderiaceae family and an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the CF cohort emerged as key distinguishing factors compared to NCFB group. Staphylococcus aureus and Prevotella shahii also presented differential abundance in the CF and NCFB cohorts, respectively, in the lower respiratory tract. Considering antimicrobial resistance, a high number of genes related to antibiotic efflux were detected in both disease groups, which correlated with the patient’s clinical data. Conclusions Bronchiectasis is associated with reduced microbial diversity and a shift in microbial and resistome composition compared to healthy subjects. Despite some similarities, CF and NCFB present significant differences in microbiome composition and antimicrobial resistance profiles, suggesting the need for customized management strategies for each disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparative microbiome analysis in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.

Motta,

Reuwsaat,

Lopes

et al. 2024

Respir Res

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“…In studies that do investigate respiratory microbiota interventions to prevent RTIs, several commensals have been identified that maintain a healthy URT microbiota and inhibit pathogenic growth. An overview of commensal respiratory bacteria with potential for probiotic use is presented in a recent review by Nesbitt et al [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota in respiratory tract infections: from association to intervention

Koenen

Piters

Bogaert

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewThe respiratory microbiota has a role in respiratory tract infection (RTI) pathogenesis. On the mucosa, the respiratory microbiota interacts with potential pathogenic viruses, bacteria and the host immune system, including secretory IgA (sIgA). This review discusses the role of the respiratory microbiota and its interaction with the (mucosal) immune system in RTI susceptibility, as well as the potential to exploit the microbiota to promote health and prevent RTIs. Recent findingsRecent studies confirm that specific microbiota profiles are associated with RTI susceptibility and during susceptibility and found accompanying RTIs, although clear associations have not yet been found for SARS-CoV-2 infection. sIgA plays a central role in RTI pathogenesis: it stands under control of the local microbiota, while at the same time influencing bacterial gene expression, metabolism and defense mechanisms. Respiratory microbiota interventions are still newly emerging but promising candidates for probiotics to prevent RTIs, such as Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum species, have been identified.

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“…On the other hand, multiple microbe species that have been found to be more prevalent in non-CL/P subjects than in CL/P patients may have a positive effect on human health. For example, certain species of Dolosigranulum may be negatively correlated with the incidence of particular respiratory maladies and enhance the immune response of the respiratory epithelium ( Islam et al., 2021 ; Nesbitt et al., 2021 ) and appear to provide resistance to ear infections ( Pettigrew et al., 2012 ; Lappan et al., 2018 )—a common complaint of CL/P patients ( Flynn et al., 2009 ). Strikingly, lack of Mitsuokella multacida , another species specific to the non-CL/P condition, is associated with the early development of colon cancer ( Arafat, 2020 ; Elkholy et al., 2020 ), although its presence may be linked to squamous cell lung cancer as well ( Zhao et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the microbiota of cleft lip and palate patients: a comprehensive review

Gershater

Liu

Xue

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Orofacial cleft disorders, including cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), are one of the most frequently-occurring congenital disorders worldwide. The health issues of patients with CL/P encompass far more than just their anatomic anomaly, as patients with CL/P are prone to having a high incidence of infectious diseases. While it has been previously established that the oral microbiome of patients with CL/P differs from that of unaffected patients, the exact nature of this variance, including the relevant bacterial species, has not been fully elucidated; likewise, examination of anatomic locations besides the cleft site has been neglected. Here, we intended to provide a comprehensive review to highlight the significant microbiota differences between CL/P patients and healthy subjects in various anatomic locations, including the teeth inside and adjacent to the cleft, oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, and ear, as well as bodily fluids, secretions, and excretions. A number of bacterial and fungal species that have been proven to be pathogenic were found to be prevalently and/or specifically detected in CL/P patients, which can benefit the development of CL/P-specific microbiota management strategies.

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Manipulation of the Upper Respiratory Microbiota to Reduce Incidence and Severity of Upper Respiratory Viral Infections: A Literature Review

Cited by 19 publications

References 116 publications

Comparative microbiome analysis in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.

Comparative microbiome analysis in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.

The microbiota in respiratory tract infections: from association to intervention

Characterizing the microbiota of cleft lip and palate patients: a comprehensive review

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