Mannitol in six autotrophic stramenopiles and Micromonas

Dittami, Simon M.; Tn, Hoai; Paulsen, Berit Smestad; Boyen, Catherine; Edvardsen, Bente; Tonon, Thierry

doi:10.4161/psb.6.8.16404

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…and phytoplankton may be due to production of algal exudates which activate biofilm formation in Vibrio. Mannitol, for example, is a common exudate from marine phytoplankton (62) and has been shown to induce transcription of the biofilm matrix genes in V. cholerae (63). Other exudates may be involved in species-specific interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Level and Species-Specific Associations between Phytoplankton and Particle-Associated Vibrio Species in Delaware's Inland Bays

Main

Salvitti

Whereat

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vibrio species are an abundant and diverse group of bacteria that form associations with phytoplankton. Correlations between Vibrio and phytoplankton abundance have been noted, suggesting that growth is enhanced during algal blooms or that association with phytoplankton provides a refuge from predation. Here, we investigated relationships between particle-associated Vibrio spp. and phytoplankton in Delaware's inland bays (DIB). The relative abundances of particle-associated Vibrio spp. and algal classes that form blooms in DIB (dinoflagellates, diatoms, and raphidophytes) were determined using quantitative PCR. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between particle-associated Vibrio abundance and phytoplankton, with higher correlations to diatoms and raphidophytes than to dinoflagellates. Species-specific associations were examined during a mixed bloom of Heterosigma akashiwo and Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) and indicated a significant positive correlation for particle-associated Vibrio abundance with H. akashiwo but a negative correlation with F. japonica. Changes in Vibrio assemblages during the bloom were evaluated using automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), which revealed significant differences between each size fraction but no significant change in Vibrio assemblages over the course of the bloom. Microzooplankton grazing experiments showed that losses of particle-associated Vibrio spp. may be offset by increased growth in the Vibrio population. Moreover, analysis of Vibrio assemblages by ARISA also indicated an increase in the relative abundance for specific members of the Vibrio community despite higher grazing pressure on the particle-associated population as a whole. The results of this investigation demonstrate links between phytoplankton and Vibrio that may lead to predictions of potential health risks and inform future management practices in this region. Bacteria within the genus Vibrio are naturally abundant in marine and estuarine environments (1), where they exhibit two alternative growth strategies: (i) association with particles as a biofilm or (ii) as free-living bacterioplankton (2). Association with planktonic organisms plays an important role in the ecology of Vibrio (3) by providing an enriched microenvironment for Vibrio spp. (4-6). Previous research demonstrated that planktonic copepods, in particular, enhance the survival and distribution of Vibrio in temperate and tropical areas (7,8). Associations with plankton may also provide a refuge from grazing by bacterivorous protozoa (9, 10), which can be substantial in some areas (11). Matz et al. (9), for example, showed that the cell density of Vibrio cholerae within a biofilm remained stable in the presence of protozoa, whereas planktonic cells were rapidly eliminated. However, particle association may not always be advantageous, as it may subject the cells to sinking forces or losses through "collateral damage" when host cells are preyed upon (10).In addition to copepods, Vibrio spp. also form attach...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Level and Species-Specific Associations between Phytoplankton and Particle-Associated Vibrio Species in Delaware's Inland Bays

Main

Salvitti

Whereat

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mannitol is one of the most widely occurring sugar alcohols in nature and is produced by a variety of living organisms, including bacteria, fungi, terrestrial plants, and algae (Iwamoto and Shiraiwa, 2005; Rousvoal et al ., 2011). The presence of mannitol has been reported in primary endosymbiotic algae, such as those belonging to Chlorophyta (Dickson and Kirst, 1987; Dittami et al ., 2011) and a few species of Rhodophyta (Karsten et al ., 1997; Eggert et al ., 2006), as well as in secondary endosymbiotic Ochrophyta algae, such as brown algae (Ji et al ., 1980; Karsten et al ., 1991; Gylle et al ., 2009) and diatoms (Hellebust, 1965). As one of the main primary photosynthetic products and storage compounds in Laminariales (Kremer, 1980; Wei et al ., 2013; Xia et al ., 2016), mannitol can represent up to 15–26% of the dry weight of the organism (Black, 1948; Reed et al ., 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Characterization of mannitol metabolism genes inSaccharinaexplains its key role in mannitol biosynthesis and evolutionary significance in Laminariales

Chi

Liu

Liu³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As a unique photosynthetic product in brown algae, mannitol exhibits high synthesis and accumulation in Saccharina japonica. Mannitol acts as a carbon-storage compound and is an osmoprotectant, imparting increased tolerance to osmotic stress. However, the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms in macroalgae have not been studied. Analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data has shown that mannitol metabolism in S. japonica is a circular pathway composed of four steps. In this study, one S. japonica mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (M1PDH2) and two mannitol-1-phosphatase (M1Pase) proteins were recombinantly expressed to analysis enzyme biochemical properties. RNA sequencing and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze the gene expression patterns of mannitol metabolism in different generations, tissues, sexes, and abiotic stresses. Our findings revealed insights into the mannitol synthesis pathways in brown algae. All genes were constitutively expressed in all samples, allowing maintenance of basic mannitol anabolism and dynamic maintenance of the “saccharide pool” in vivo as the main storage and antistress mechanism. Enzyme assays confirmed that the recombinant proteins produced mannitol, with the specific activity of SjaM1Pase1 being 1.8–4831 times that of other algal enzymes. Combined with the transcriptional analysis, SjaM1Pase1 was shown to be the dominant gene of mannitol metabolism. Mannitol metabolism genes in multicellular filamentous (gametophyte) and large parenchyma thallus (sporophyte) generations had different expression levels and responded differently under environmental stresses (hyposaline and hyperthermia) in gametophytes and sporophytes. The considerable variation in enzyme characteristics and expression of mannitol synthesis genes suggest their important ecophysiological significance in the evolution of complex systems (filamentous and thallus) and environmental adaptation of Laminariales.

show abstract

“…Mannitol has not been previously identified as a major carbohydrate constituent for Nannchloropsis sp. although recently trace amounts of mannitol were detected by GC analysis of the water soluble extracts from N. salina (Dittami et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling whole microalgal cells by high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Merkley

Syvitski

2011

J Appl Phycol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microalgae are a rich source of high value compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and bioactive compounds. In particular, microalgae have been identified as a potentially important resource for carboncapture and as a feedstock for green biofuels. Successful cultivation of microalgae can occur under a variety of nutrient and environmental conditions with each condition producing a unique distribution of compounds. In order to steer the cultivation towards a particular distribution of compounds, rapid and accurate methods for compound identification are required. Current methods for determining the absolute quantity of each component are time consuming and arduous making cultivation optimization impractical. High-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers a robust and rapid screening method capable of ascertaining the absolute quantity of each component with minimal sample manipulation. Sample preparation consists of harvested, centrifuged and freeze-dried whole-cell Nannochloropsis granulata from large-scale photobioreactors being accurately weighed and rehydrated with deuterium oxide and placed in an HR-MAS rotor. One-dimensional HR-MAS NMR spectra were recorded under quantitative conditions to determine the lipid and carbohydrate profile of the microalgae. The total time per sample for preparation, data acquisition and analysis was approximately 1 h. Changes in resonance profiles corresponding to varying proportions of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were correlated to the time of harvest. In addition, standard two dimensional experiments were used to identify the major carbohydrate components. HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy has been used to profile the lipid and carbohydrate content of N. granulata and we have begun to establish methodologies for quality analysis/quality control for cultivation of various microalgal strains.

show abstract

Mannitol in six autotrophic stramenopiles and Micromonas

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Community-Level and Species-Specific Associations between Phytoplankton and Particle-Associated Vibrio Species in Delaware's Inland Bays

Community-Level and Species-Specific Associations between Phytoplankton and Particle-Associated Vibrio Species in Delaware's Inland Bays

Characterization of mannitol metabolism genes inSaccharinaexplains its key role in mannitol biosynthesis and evolutionary significance in Laminariales

Profiling whole microalgal cells by high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About