Mannose Utilization in Man*

Mistletoebirds and Xylose: Australian Frugivores Differ in Their Handling of Dietary Sugars

“…In chickens, Savory (1992) reported that d-xylose was absorbed slower than d-glucose and d-galactose but faster than d-arabinose and d-mannose, which concurs with results previously reported in chicks (Wagh and Waibel 1967), rats (Kohn et al 1965), and humans (Wood and Cahill 1963), suggesting that the absorption rates of these sugars may depend on their relative contributions of active and passive (transcellular and paracellular) transfer mechanisms (Savory 1992).…”

Mannose corrects altered N-glycosylation in carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome fibroblasts.

“…This leads to the intriguing possibility that patients may benefit from an ongoing dietary supplement of mannose or mannose-containing foods. Although very few studies have been done on mannose metabolism in mammals, in moderate doses, mannose should be nontoxic (57). More basic physiological analysis will be required before we can assess the potential benefits of mannose for CDGS patients.…”

Fuel-mediated teratogenesis. Use of D-mannose to modify organogenesis in the rat embryo in vivo.

“…Intravenous administration was particularly critical in view of the capricious absorption of mannose through the gastrointestinal tract (13). By using a combination of established techniques for chronic catheterization of the jugular (28) and tail (39) veins we were able to devise a dual catheter system for concurrently infusing gravid rats and sampling blood while they remained conscious and were able to move about.…”

“…We administered hexose infusions during the day 9.5-10.0 period of embryonic development, before the establishment of the allantoic placenta and the full development of the yolk-sac circulation (40). During this interval, maternal plasma has direct access to the conceptus at the level of the visceral yolk sac (41 (13). The precise mediation remains uncertain and direct effects of mannose on the liver cannot be excluded.…”

“…Its turnover in vivo appears to simulate that of glucose (12), so that brief and well-defined periods of exposure may be established. It also does not seem to have adverse effects in adult rats in vivo (13) or on isolated tissues from adult animals in vitro (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), whereas it has inordinate toxic actions in rat embryo culture (2,3). In the latter, additions of 1.5 mg/ml mannose to incubation media containing -1.2 mg/ml glucose during culture from day 9.5 to 10.5 or from day 9.5 to 11.5 of development effects neural tube defects in about half of exposed embryos.…”