2017
DOI: 10.1155/2017/9031438
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Manometric Measurement of the Sphincter of Oddi in Patients with Common Bile Duct Stones: A Consecutive Study of the Han Population of China

Abstract: Objective. Role of dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) in choledocholithiasis is controversial. This study was to evaluate SO motor activity in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones in the Han population of China. Patients and Methods. In this study, 76 patients with CBD stones were enrolled in a single tertiary endoscopy center. Data of SO motor activities was prospectively evaluated by endoscopic manometry. Mean basal SO pressure, amplitude, and frequency were collected and analyzed. Results. The… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
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“…The delicate and complex structure of the Oddi sphincter is composed of the common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and ampullary sphincters[ 12 ]. The common bile duct sphincter is the strongest muscle fiber of the common bile duct located at its end and the main component of the Oddi sphincter[ 13 ]. Its contraction can be close to the end of the common bile duct.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The delicate and complex structure of the Oddi sphincter is composed of the common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and ampullary sphincters[ 12 ]. The common bile duct sphincter is the strongest muscle fiber of the common bile duct located at its end and the main component of the Oddi sphincter[ 13 ]. Its contraction can be close to the end of the common bile duct.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…的普及,继发性胆总管结石的手术方式得到了丰富的发 展,基于多学科团队使胆道结石患者获得个体化、微创 化的治疗逐渐成为了医生的目标之一 (2) 。免T管留置的 胆道探查是近年来胆道结石外科治疗的发展方向,基于 内镜技术,可以选择放置支架内引流,或者鼻胆管外引 流。我们之前的研究指出,在胆道探查术中增加内镜下 鼻胆管引流术(ENBD)能够降低腹腔镜下胆总管切开取 石(LCBDE)术后胆漏风险 (1) 。胆总管一期缝合(PC)后 增加引流能够降低胆道压力,从而减低胆漏风险。目前 何种胆道结石需要引流尚不明确,一般以术中胆道情况 判断,如胆总管明显扩张,胆管壁薄等 (3) 。通常胆总管直 径≥8mm被认为是胆总管扩张,在这些患者中一期缝合胆 总管也被认为是安全的 (4) (4,5) (14)(15)(16)(17)(18) 。在笔者所 在中心,为了避免胆漏和胆道狭窄,胆总管一期缝合通 常倾向于在胆管更粗的患者中进行,而且通常均放置鼻 胆管引流。然而,普遍性的使用内镜下鼻胆管需要警惕 内镜相关并发症,毕竟使用ENBD的初衷就是为了减少并 发症,使一期缝合更安全。本研究ENBD组中20例采用顺 行-逆行结合插管的ENBD,结果4例(10%)出现术后胰腺 炎。我们之前的研究也指出,完全顺行插管的ENBD可以 明显减少PEP风险 (1,19) 。我们建议不管采用ENBD还是放 置支架,均使用完全顺行插管的方法,更符合胆道解剖 学,仅需通过一次十二指肠乳头,对十二指肠乳头损伤 最小。 ENBD组由于需要额外的内镜操作,明显延长了手术 时间,但这并未带来另外的风险 (20) 。虽然ENBD组手术时 间明显延长,但是完全避免了术后胆漏,无引流组则有2 例发生术后胆漏,其中1例术后再次接受腹腔镜手术和T 管引流。由于胆道探查术后单纯一期缝合无任何胆道引 流手段,术后胆漏是最令人担忧的并发症之一 (21)(22)(23)(24) 。胆 道引流可减轻胆总管压力,促进缝合部位愈合,T管引流 有许多负担,而鼻胆管有护理简单、引流确切和置管时 间短等优势 (12,25) 。通常术后3-7天拔除鼻胆管,而且拔除 前无需常规进行鼻胆管造影,除非患者存在临床症状。 需要指出,胃和十二指肠的生理条件一定程度上限制了 内镜操作,特别是十二指肠憩室的存在,导致许多内镜 手术的失败,笔者团队也出现过十二指肠憩室难以完成 ENBD的情况。本研究中ENBD组1例(2.5%)、无引流 组2例(5%)存在十二指肠憩室,但未影响手术。既往病 史和术前影像学检查应该得到更加充分的重视,ENBD失 败时T管引流术可作为替代手术 (13,26) 。 在总体并发症上,两组对比无统计学差异。LCBDE 术中进行ENBD难以被接受的一个原因是其需要额外的费 用,包括鼻胆管、斑马导丝等,但本研究中两组住院费 用比较并无统计学差异。而且完全顺行插管的ENBD并不 需要斑马导丝,仅需要输尿管导管和鼻胆管,降低了成 本。这一手术方式的另一推广难点是内镜技术的壁垒, 但是完全顺行插管的ENBD所需要的内镜操作难度低,仅 需要术者经口放入十二指肠镜或胃镜,到达十二指肠降 段,找到输尿管导管并夹持拉出即可,在具备设备的基 层医院也可完成,同时缩短这一手术的学习曲线。 胆总管结石的治疗选择多种多样,免T管留置的胆道 探查也进入了是否需要引流的探讨中 (27) 。最近,一些研 究指出不仅鼻胆管引流可减少胆道探查和一期缝合术后 并发症,放置胆道支架也可有相似的效果,而且之前支 架需要在术后一周进行另一次胃镜拔除,这一缺点现在 也被自脱落支架避免 (28)(29)(30)…”
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