Manual preparation of ground sections for the microscopy of natural bone tissue: update and modification of Frost's ‘rapid manual method’

Maat, G. J. R.; Bos, R; Aarents, M. J.

doi:10.1002/oa.578

Cited by 67 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Each collected bone section was ground by hand to below 100 µm of thickness according to a modified method by Maat et al (2001). The effectiveness of hand grinding method was also confirmed by Boer et al (2013).…”

Section: Grinding Methodologymentioning

confidence: 82%

Estimating age at death from an archaeological bone sample – a preliminary study based on comparison of histomorphometric methods

Mnich

Skrzat

Szostek

2017

Anthropological Review

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The estimation of age at death is one of the most fundamental biological parameters, determined on skeletal remains in anthropological context. That is why, there is a constant need to improve applied methods. Histomorphometry, which uses microscopic analysis of bone tissue is suggested to be one alternative method. In general, this technique is based on measurements and the determination of the number and density of basic bone structural units, osteons. Osteon density is found to be related with age of the individual. The main goal of this research was to compare results of determined age at death, on the basis of ribs histology, comes from methods proposed by different authors. We analyzed ground cross sections of ribs from archeological origin. The presented methodology is simple in use and effective. Four different methods were tested (Stout and Paine 1992;Cho et al. 2002;Kim et al. 2007;Bednarek et al. 2009). The obtained age results were compared with each other as well as related to the age estimated by standard macroscopic method used in anthropology. Bednarek's method is recognized to be the most supportive for anthropological analyzes. Methodological issues connected with grinding methodology and results interpretation are also presented. Hypothesis about interpopulation as well as histological and dimorphic differences were confirmed.

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Section: Grinding Methodologymentioning

confidence: 82%

Estimating age at death from an archaeological bone sample – a preliminary study based on comparison of histomorphometric methods

Mnich

Skrzat

Szostek

2017

Anthropological Review

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“…A total of 59 ground bone sections were prepared according to the stipulations of Maat et al [36]. Bone samples were removed by making two parallel cuts into the medullary cavity of the bone and were manually grounded on waterproof abrasive paper.…”

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confidence: 99%

A histomorphological analysis of human and non-human femora

2013

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Histology is used to describe post-mortem bone alterations, trauma, pathology, age estimation and to separate human and nonhuman bones. Many scholars are however not familiar with the intricate and variable microstructure of bone and due to the complex nature of some classification systems, bone histomorphology is often incorrectly described or identified. Little information is available on the histomorphology of nonhuman bones found in southern Africa and therefore the aim of this study was to describe the histomorphology of nonhuman species commonly found in southern Africa, namely, impala and monkeys, along with cat, dog, cow, sheep, equid and pig. Human femora were included for comparative purposes. The periosteal surface of femora was described and focused only on the arrangements of vascular canals, primary osteons and secondary osteons. The results compared favourably to other studies and also added a histomorphological description of impala femora which consisted of primary vascular longitudinal bone tissue. A large degree of overlap and combinations of bone tissue types was observed as well as evidence that allow animals from similar taxonomic orders to be grouped together. Primary vascular bone was primarily observed in artiodactyls (cow, pig, sheep and impala), while Haversian bone was recognised in carnivores (cat and dog), perissodactyla (horses and donkeys) and primates. These differences can be used to exclude human from unknown bone fragments and also serve to caution investigators when using animal models to infer human bone tissue responses to thermal damage, ballistic trauma, etc., as bone tissue types different to that of human bone may respond differently.

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“…A total number of three ground sections was evaluated from each aspect of the corresponding plane and were collected as full thickness compact bone on medial, lateral, cranial and caudal aspects of a bone at the level of the cutting plane B. Ground sections were prepared from each sample according to Maat et al (2001). Harvested samples were initially manually grinded on one side using grinding papers of increasing calibration (P 800, P 1500, P 2000 and P 2500).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness of the substantia compacta of porcine long bones

Pyszko¹,

Páral²,

Kyllar³

2013

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Mechanical load on the bone influences bone tissue and its inner tension, subsequently affecting bone formation and its histological structure. A precise understanding of this load and the development of strategies to influence it would contribute to principles of fracture management and to solving other bone pathologies of both humans and animals. The long bones of the thoracic and pelvic limb of a pig were here used as possible models to test new devices and implant materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the thickness of compact bone of the diaphysis of porcine long bones and to establish ideal insertion points for tensometer probes, where 2.3 mm is the minimal required thickness, and to evaluate the histological structure of the compact porcine bone. A total number of 96 long bones from 12 pigs was investigated. The investigations consisted of morphometric assessment of the diaphysis of the bones by measuring thickness of the compact bone in different segments of the diaphysis and of microscopical evaluation of the compact bone. Macroscopical assessment of the bones revealed that the minimal required thickness of 2.3 mm of compact bone was found only in the middle and distal segment of the humerus, middle segment of the femur, proximally only on cranial aspect. The radius showed suitable thickness on the medial aspect of its proximal segment and on the lateral and caudal aspect of the middle segment. Tibial compact bone is suitable across the whole middle segment and on its lateral and medial aspect of the distal segment. Microscopical structure of the compact bone revealed characteristics of growing/immature bone characterised by both lamellar and osteonic bone. This study confirms the suitability of porcine radius and tibia for tensometer testing. However, one needs to take into account the different thickness of different parts of the bone planning experiments using tensometers.

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Manual preparation of ground sections for the microscopy of natural bone tissue: update and modification of Frost's ‘rapid manual method’

Cited by 67 publications

References 5 publications

Estimating age at death from an archaeological bone sample – a preliminary study based on comparison of histomorphometric methods

Estimating age at death from an archaeological bone sample – a preliminary study based on comparison of histomorphometric methods

A histomorphological analysis of human and non-human femora

Thickness of the substantia compacta of porcine long bones

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