“…Secondly, differences in institutional structures between home and destination countries may have several negative effects, for instance, the potential failures of intellectual property protection (Dholakia et al, ; Gray et al, ; Tate, ) or lower quality standards (Ancarani, Di Mauro, Fratocchi, Orzes, & Sartor, ; APMG, ; Fratocchi et al, ; Kinkel & Maloca, ; Stentoft, Olhager, Heikklilä, & Thoms, ) given that institutional, cultural, and physical distance, make quality control difficult and costly. Similarly, worse environmental and workforce conditions in destination countries may not be acceptable for Westernised societies in the home countries and may damage the reputation of the offshored firms (Gray et al, ; Tate, ).…”