Manufacturing corporate landscapes: the case of agrarian displacement and food (in)security in Haiti

Steckley, Marylynn; Shamsie, Yasmine

doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.976042

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Activists were also supported by (Cohen, 2013). Under François Duvalier for example, there was a greater institutionalization of previous moves towards agro-exports as consumption taxes on the peasantry were raised, and as US aid encouraged cash crops (Steckley & Shamsie, 2015). This trend further intensified as a focus on light manufacturing under Jean-Claude Duvalier fuelled urban migration (ibid).…”

Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…US capital was the largest financial contributor to the assembly industry (ibid). Farmers' subsistence ability was severely damaged by the encouragement to pursue cash crops, and as taxes on goods -flour, petroleum and sugar made up 25% of government revenue in 1985 -rose (Steckley & Shamsie, 2015). The turn to manufacturing did not result in substantial economic improvement for the poorest, such as in terms of job opportunities (ibid).…”

Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting economic crisis was largely the trigger for the regime's collapse (Jadotte & Pierre, 2008). Indeed, food riots, which arose in response to rising food costs, formed the first protests against Jean-Claude (Steckley & Shamsie, 2015). During this period, countries like the US also began to channel significant aid money to NGOs as they wished to support Haiti but recognized the extent of corruption (Dubois, 2012).…”

Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steckley and Shamsie (2015, p. 180) refer to this approach as the "food security through trade" model, premised on the idea that development is best realized through open markets. The promotion of such a model, by foreign actors as well as Haitian elites, has a long history, but it was pushed more intensively after the fall of Jean-Claude Duvalier (Steckley & Shamsie, 2015). Following Aristide's second ouster in 2004, Haiti developed a poverty plan, the CCI, which committed to "rebuild the state while creating and distributing wealth through private investment, mainly in the agriculture and tourism sectors" (Buss with Gardner, 2008, p. 57).…”

Section: Histories Of Agricultural and Health Intervention In Haitimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rural areas, multiple actors, from NGOs to cooperatives, work to compensate for the state's minimal material presence(MARNDR, 2011). Peasants are also well-organized, and have articulated calls for "food sovereignty"(Steckley & Shamsie, 2015) 30 . Continued commitments to privatization, such as a 2007 agreement…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Emerging, Post-Neoliberal Power: The Practice of Brazilian South-South Cooperation in Haiti

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This study examines the practice of Brazil's humanitarian and development cooperation with Haiti. Brazil is one of several "emerging donors" to have significantly increased their provision of development cooperation over the past decade as part of broader shifts in global political economy, raising questions as to how cooperation functions in terms of these powers' broader foreign policy objectives. The dissertation situates the question in literature that asks why states are motivated to provide development cooperation, how cooperation impacts recipient states, and expectations for the foreign policy behaviour of emerging countries in general, and for Brazil specifically. The project is based on extensive fieldwork carried out in Brazil and Haiti with 57 individuals and groups in Portuguese, French, and English, as well as Kreyól (with the assistance of an interpreter).In contrast to the current treatment of the objectives of a state in providing development cooperation, which remains focused on Western powers, I demonstrate empirically how cooperation has supported Brazil as a specifically "post-neoliberal" emerging power (meaning an interventionist state committed to balancing market concerns with other social, political and economic objectives). I argue that Brazilian cooperation has been positively received by Haitian authorities, resulting in clear (albeit short-term) political gains, mainly because of Brazil's commitment to capacity-building through direct engagement with Haitian officials. However, in approaching aid as a practice, I further conclude that the features of cooperation and the Haitian state's response are inexplicable without a post-colonial interpretation that situates cooperation in historically constituted political economies by, for instance, recognizing Brazil's desire to position itself as an alternative to the West and Haiti's consistent and problematic treatment as "fragile" in its traditional aid relations. I develop the concept of "post-colonial practice" to acknowledge how emergent forms of South-South cooperation occur in and challenge this broader context. This approach forges links between material and ideational contributions in IR, especially from critical political economy and post-colonial work (as well as postdevelopment).iii Acknowledgements This work has truly been a collaborative effort. I would first like to thank my dissertation committee for their continuous support, professional and personal, and for their intellectual guidance, which has enriched the end product in countless ways. Sean Burges has been a source of inspiration for thinking about Brazilian politics and Brazilian foreign policy, even before he was a member of the committee. Chris Brown, thank you in particular for asking tough methodological questions at the start of the process. Cristina Rojas, I am indebted to your influence for the evolution in my theoretical and conceptual understandings of international relations. I am profoundly grateful for the indescribable support of my supervisor, Laura Macdo...

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Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of External Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Histories Of Agricultural and Health Intervention In Haitimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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