Manufacturing, mechanical and flame retardant properties of poly(lactic acid) biocomposites based on calcium magnesium phytate and carbon nanotubes

Yang, Wei; Tawiah, Benjamin; Yu, Chao; Qian, Yi-Fan; Wang, Lili; Zhu, San‐E; Hu, En-Zhu; Chen, Timothy Bo Yuan; Yu, Bin; Lu, Hongdian; Yeoh, Guan Heng; Wang, Xin; Song, Lei; Hu, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.04.027

Cited by 153 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The prominent increase in surface growth rate with the decrease of value could be explained as the surface growth rate is formulated based on the local temperature, concentration of BSUs, as well as the coefficient of surface area, as stated in Equation (26). With the previously mentioned hypothesis, the rate of surface growth is proportionate to the surface area coefficient, 6…”

Section: Fractal Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis of Key Parameters for Population Balance Based Soot Model for Low-Speed Diffusion Flames

et al. 2019

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In this article, the evolution of in-flame soot species in a slow speed, buoyancy-driven diffusion flame is thoroughly studied with the implementation of the population balance approach in association with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. This model incorporates interactive fire phenomena, including combustion, radiation, turbulent mixing, and all key chemical and physical formation and destruction processes, such as particle inception, surface growth, oxidation, and aggregation. The in-house length-based Direct Quadrature Method of Moments (DQMOM) soot model is fully coupled with all essential fire sub-modelling components and it is specifically constructed for low-speed flames. Additionally, to better describe the combustion process of the parental fuel, ethylene, the strained laminar flamelet model, which considers detailed chemical reaction mechanisms, is adopted. Numerical simulation is validated against a self-conducted co-flow slot burner experimental measurement. A comprehensive assessment of the effect of adopting different nucleation laws, oxidation laws, and various fractal dimension and diffusivity values is performed. The results suggest the model employing Moss law of nucleation, modified NSC law of oxidation, and adopting a fractal dimension value of 2.0 and Schmidt number of 0.9 yields the simulation result that best agreed with experimental data.

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Section: Fractal Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis of Key Parameters for Population Balance Based Soot Model for Low-Speed Diffusion Flames

et al. 2019

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“…In structural fires, it is generally agreed that smoke inhalation is the deadliest threat to occupants and that smoke can spread over enormous distances from the fire source [7]. Although building materials nowadays considers bio-based fire retardants which can significantly reduce flame and smoke production [8,9], there are still considerable amounts of other combustible materials, such as furniture, papers, and plastic consumables, which poses a huge threat to fire safety. In particular, smoke dispersion is one of the most lethal hazards in compartment fires, especially for those with an atrium, such as shopping malls or exhibition centres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Ventilated Smoke Control Simulation Case Study Using Different Settings of Smoke Vents and Curtains in a Large Atrium

Yuen

Chen

Yang

et al. 2019

Fire

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In this study, a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based fire field model was applied to numerically investigate the effectiveness of smoke control using smoke vents and curtains within a large-scale atrium fire. Two compartment configurations were considered: the first case with no smoke curtains installed, while the second case included a smoke curtain at the centre of the compartment to trap smoke. Based on the thermocouple results, it was found that the model predicted the gas temperature near the fire particularly well. The time development and heat transfer of the gas temperature predictions were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Nevertheless, the gas temperature was slightly under-predicted when the thermocouple was further away from the flaming region. Overall, it was discovered that the combination of a smoke curtain and ceiling vents was a highly effective natural smoke exhaust system. However, under the same vent configuration, if the smoke curtain height is not adequate to completely block the spread of smoke, it significantly reduces the pressure differential between the compartment and the exterior, causing reduced flow rates in the outlet vents.

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“…PLA is a vital bioplastic with excellent properties, but the issue of high flammability and low thermo-mechanical properties has made it inferior compared to the petrochemically derived plastics [18,19]. This has limited its applications where high tensile strength and flame resistance is required [20,21]. Therefore, a mechanically robust FR PLA composite is proposed using phosphorus-nitrogen-sulfur containing FR reinforced by recycled short wool fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardant poly(lactic acid) biocomposites reinforced by recycled wool fibers – Thermal and mechanical properties

Tawiah¹,

Yu²,

Ullah

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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The inherently poor flame retardancy and comparatively low tensile strength of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) have limited its wide adoption as alternative 'green' engineering plastic in many fields. This manuscript reports the synthesis of a new phosphorus flame retardant-phenylphosphonic 3(2-aminobenzothiazole) (P-TAB) and its combination with recycled short wool fibers (WF) for improving the flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of PLA. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1 H, and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra proved that P-TAB was effectively synthesized. Considerable reductions in heat release rate, total heat released, CO and CO 2 produced were attained with 3 wt% P-TAB and various WF loadings. The fire performance index (FPI), and fire growth index (FGI) improved by 38.2 and 48.1% respectively. The composite achieved a V-0 rating at 20 wt% WF loading and an LOI value of 28.5%. TG-IR results showed substantial reductions in evolved gaseous products. The tensile strength and Young's modulus improved significantly with the increasing content of WF in the composite.

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Manufacturing, mechanical and flame retardant properties of poly(lactic acid) biocomposites based on calcium magnesium phytate and carbon nanotubes

Cited by 153 publications

References 54 publications

Sensitivity Analysis of Key Parameters for Population Balance Based Soot Model for Low-Speed Diffusion Flames

Sensitivity Analysis of Key Parameters for Population Balance Based Soot Model for Low-Speed Diffusion Flames

Natural Ventilated Smoke Control Simulation Case Study Using Different Settings of Smoke Vents and Curtains in a Large Atrium

Flame retardant poly(lactic acid) biocomposites reinforced by recycled wool fibers – Thermal and mechanical properties

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