Manufacturing of Clayey Bricks by Synergistic Use of Waste Brick and Ceramic Powders as Partial Replacement of Clay

Khitab, Anwar; Riaz, Muhammad; Jalil, Affan; Khan, Raja Bilal Nasar; Anwar, Waqas; Khan, Riaz Akhtar; Arshad, Muhammad Tausif; Kırgız, Mehmet Serkan; Tariq, Zeesshan; Tayyab, Seemab

doi:10.3390/su131810214

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As a result, the usage of WB at an optimum ratio has been found to be encouraging as cost-effective alternative materials that could be utilized in fired clay-based brick production. In a very recent study in 2021, it has also been shown that the amount of clay to be used in brick-making can be reduced by up to 27% with ceramic-based waste materials [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WB has been disposed of in landfills, causing environmental problems over the past century. The use of wastes in clay bricks has generally had positive effects on the properties with enhanced strength, shrinkage, porosity, and thermal features [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In general, recycling WB in fired clay bricks is practical and useful when the correct percentages are included and also functions as an alternative disposal method to potentially contaminating wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Three Amu-Darya Basin Clays in Ceramic Brick Industry and Their Applications with Brick Waste

Korpayev

Bayramov²,

Durdyev

et al. 2021

Materials

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This study examined the chemical, mineralogical, physical, thermal, and technological characteristics of the Dostluk (DM), Halach (HM), and Sakar (HM) clay deposits located in the Amu-Darya basin of Turkmenistan. The potential suitability of these deposits was evaluated for the local ceramic brick industry. The chemical and mineralogical features were identified by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), ion chromatography (IC), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The physical properties were characterized by granulometric analysis by sieving, particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy/optic analysis, specific surface area, Pfefferkon’s plasticity index, reabsorption, shrinkage, water absorption, mechanical (compression and bending), and freeze–thaw durability tests. The thermal methods were performed using dilatometry and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer (TG/DTA). The test samples for the different clay deposits were extruded, dried, and fired at three different temperatures of 850 °C, 950 °C, and 1050 °C. While the Dostluk and Sakar clays have high plasticity, Halach clay has been found to have low plasticity. The mechanical and freeze–thaw durability tests demonstrated that the outcomes of the clays of different origins were sufficient, achieving compressive strengths of over 10 MPa and mass loss less than 3%, which are acceptable by industry standards. Semi-industrial processed hollow bricks demonstrated promising characteristics. While the Dostluk and Sakar clay-based brick specimens were visibly free of cracks, the Halach specimens showed some cracks. The physical and mechanical improvements of these clays were performed with three mixtures, which are M1 (80 mass% DM + 20 mass% brick waste), M2 (85 mass% SM + 15 mass% brick waste), and M3 (70 mass% HM + 25 mass% SM and 5 mass% brick waste) for the brick industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Three Amu-Darya Basin Clays in Ceramic Brick Industry and Their Applications with Brick Waste

Korpayev

Bayramov²,

Durdyev

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The brick industry produces 1500 billion bricks each year, out of which, 1300 billion (around 87%) are being manufactured in developing countries [3]. Around 340 billion tons of clay is consumed to manufacture the bricks worldwide [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Durability Characterization of Hybrid Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Hameed,

Tahir,

Abbas

et al. 2024

Materials

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The recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW) for the extraction of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) to be used to produce recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is widely acknowledged internationally. However, CDW not only contains concrete debris but may also contain burnt clay bricks. The recycling of such CDW without the segregation of different components would result in recycled aggregates having different proportions of concrete and brick aggregates. The utilization of these aggregates in concrete requires a detailed investigation of their mechanical and durability properties. In this regard, the present study focused on investigating the mechanical and durability properties of hybrid recycled aggregate concrete (HRAC) made by the 100% replacing of natural aggregates with recycled brick (RBAs) and RCA in hybrid form. The partial replacement of cement with fly ash was also considered to reduce the corban footprint of concrete. An extensive experimental program was designed and carried out in two phases. In the first phase, a total of 48 concrete mixes containing coarse RBA and RCA in mono and hybrid forms were prepared and tested for their compressive strength. The test results indicated that the compressive strength of HRAC is greatly affected by the proportion of coarse RBA and RCA. In the second phase, based on the results of the first phase, eight concrete mixes with the most critical proportions of RBA and RCA in hybrid form were selected to evaluate their mechanical and durability performance. In addition, four mixes with natural aggregates were also prepared for comparison purposes. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the concrete mixes, compressive strength and modulus of rupture (MOR) tests were performed, while for the evaluation of durability properties, water absorption and behavior after exposure to aggressive conditions of acidic and brine solutions were studied. The results revealed that a 20% replacement of cement with fly ash resulted in acceptable mechanical and durability properties of HRAC intended to be used for making concrete bricks or pavers.

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“…Several researchers, in developing brick function, used waste materials. They used crumb rubber-concrete combination (Turgut and Yesilata, 2008); waste marble powder (Bilgin et al, 2012); sludge lime (Hasan et al, 2022); rice husk (Paul et al, 2023); granite fines waste (Lokeshwari and Jagadish, 2016); paper mill sludge (Goel and Kalamdhad, 2017); quarry dust (Cai et al, 2023); construction debris (Harikumar et al, 2022); steel plant waste (Chokshi et al, 2018); coal fly ash (Eliche-Quesada et al, 2018); crushed glass (Saraswathy et al, 2019); blast furnace slag (Nim and Meshram, 2020); demolition waste sludge (Dos Reis et al, 2020); straw (Dawood et al, 2021); waste plastic (Wendimu et al, 2021); ceramic powders (Khitab et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Nanoscale Polyaniline and Fly Ash on Engineering Properties of Adobe Bricks for North Coast Region of Egypt

Morsy,

Zain Eldin,

El-Maghawry

et al. 2024

Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering

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This paper describes an experimental investigation on productbased research in the development of geopolymer-stabilized adobe composites (GSAC) using natural soil (NS), fly ash (FA), and Nanoscale polyaniline polymer (PA). An alkaline medium (AM) consisting of a sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution was utilized. The molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution was fixed at 14 M. The ratio of sodium silicate solution to sodium hydroxide solution was fixed at 1.5. Four mixes of GSAC were formulated: the control mixture (NS & Water; T1), (NS & AM; T2), (NS, FA &AM; T3), and (NS, FA, PA & AM; T4). An extensive investigation was conducted to examine the compressive strength, physical properties, and durability of GSAC. In addition, the experimental results were confirmed at a micro-level through microstructure analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significant effects on all the studied characters were reported. According to the results, the composites formed by PA/FA/NS geopolymer matrix showed a superior yield in the compression and density tests, with the highest value of 7.8 N/mm2 and 2.28 g/cm3, respectively, for compressive strength and density. In the water absorption test, the compounds containing the PA/FA/NS geopolymer matrix showed the lowest yield value, measuring2.02 % and 3.11% after 2 and 24 hr of soaking in water, respectively. The results of the microstructural analysis showed the best interaction between FA and NS particles with the lowest porosity, when PA was added to the matrix.

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Manufacturing of Clayey Bricks by Synergistic Use of Waste Brick and Ceramic Powders as Partial Replacement of Clay

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Characterization of Three Amu-Darya Basin Clays in Ceramic Brick Industry and Their Applications with Brick Waste

Characterization of Three Amu-Darya Basin Clays in Ceramic Brick Industry and Their Applications with Brick Waste

Mechanical and Durability Characterization of Hybrid Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Impact of Nanoscale Polyaniline and Fly Ash on Engineering Properties of Adobe Bricks for North Coast Region of Egypt

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