Manutenção e reprodução de Anomalocardia brasiliana em condições laboratoriais

Abstract

RESUMOO presente estudo analisou as taxas de filtração e a ingestão do bivalve Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) (Veneridae) e avaliou sua reprodução em laboratório. Os exemplares foram coletados na praia do Mangue Seco, 7°49'39.80"S e 34°50'13.55"O Pernambuco, Brasil. Para avaliar a taxa de filtração e ingestão, foram realizados três experimentos independentes: Experimento 1 -com presença de luz (2 mil Lux) e ausência de luz; Experimento 2 -com três temperaturas distintas 23,5, 27 e 30 ºC; Experimento 3 -com salinidades diferentes 20, 25, 30 e 35 g L -1 . As "desovas" foram testadas através da manipulação da temperatura com adição de microalgas e gametas no tratamento por indução e sem manipulação das variáveis da água no tratamento por desova espontânea. A espécie apresentou maior atividade de filtração e ingestão na ausência de luz, em temperatura de 27 ºC, e na salinidade 30 g L -1 . Constatou-se não haver diferença significativa entre a reprodução por indução e espontânea, em relação ao número de espécimes que liberaram seus gametas mas as "desovas" espontâneas apresentaram uma quantidade maior de ovos e larvas. Os resultados obtidos na fisiologia alimentar e na reprodução da espécie, podem contribuir para melhorar a tecnologia de manutenção de reprodutores em laboratório e a produção de sementes desta espécie, visando à maricultura. Palavras-chave: Bivalve, desova, fisiologia alimentar, Veneridae Maintenance and reproduction of Anomalocardia brasiliana under laboratory conditions ABSTRACTThis study examined the filtration and ingestion rates from the Veneridae Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) and evaluated the efficiency of reproduction in laboratory. Specimens were collected on Mangue Seco beach, Pernambuco, Brazil. To evaluate the filtration and ingestion rates, experiments were carried out separately: the presence of light (2000 Lux) and absence of light, with three different temperatures (23.5, 27 and 30 ºC), and different salinities (20, 25, 30 and 35 g L -1 ). Spawning was tested by manipulating temperature with the addition of microalgae and gametes in induction treatment and without manipulating water variables by spontaneous spawning treatment. The most active filtration and ingestion for the species occurred in the absence of light, at temperature of 27 ºC, and salinity of 30 g L -1 . It was found that there is no significant difference between the spontaneous and induction of spawning, however the spontaneous spawning showed a more significant amount of eggs and larvae. These results may contribute to the technology of maintenance breeding under laboratory conditions and seed production of this species for use in culture.

Análise biométrica do Anomalocardia flexuosa na APA da barra do rio Mamanguape, estado da Paraíba, Brasil

“…Lavander et al (2014) apontam que o melhor desenvolvimento da filtração nesses animais é quando eles são submetidos a uma temperatura de 27ºC, com uma concentração de salinidade de 30 g.L -1 . Na APA Barra do Rio Mamanguape, as medidas morfométricas foram similares entre as duas unidades (Mamanguape e Controle), mostrando que não existe relação entre a atividade de catação do marisco com o tamanho médio das conchas das populações.…”

Harvesting the cockle Leukoma pectorina (Lamarck, 1818) on Algodoal-Maiandeua Island (Pará, Brazil): techniques, bio-ecology, and ethnoecological knowledge

“…The condition factor provides an index of the optimal period for investment in reproduction (sexual maturation and the production of gametes), as well as the nutritional condition and stress of the organisms (Absher & Christo 1993, Aswani et al 2004). The higher values recorded in the dry season were due to the larger mass of soft parts in the cockles harvested, which indicates a greater investment in reproductive structures (gonads and gametes) or optimal conditions for feeding and growth, possibly related to the higher salinity of the estuary (Lavander 2013, Lima et al 2010. Silva (2014b) recorded continuous reproduction in L. pectorina on Algodoal-Maiandeua Island, although mature individuals were more common at the end of the dry season, and spawned individuals in the rainy season.…”

“…While no data are available on the tolerance of L. pectorina to salinity, A. brasiliana is known to survive in a salinity range of 17-42, although values below 24 may provoke osmotic stress, and an increase in mortality (Leonel et al 1983, Monti et al 1991. Laboratory studies have shown that, while A. brasiliana tolerates an ample variation in salinity, phytoplankton filtration is optimal at a salinity of between 30 and 35, while the animals stop feeding at salinities below 20 (Lavander 2013, Lima et al 2010. Salinity may vary from 7 to 24 during the rainy season in the Marapanim estuary, where Algodoal-Maiandeua Island is located (at its outer limit), and from 27 to 35 during the dry season (Aviz et al 2016).…”

Effects of salinity on pre- and post-fertilization developmental events in the clam Anomalocardia flexuosa (Linnaeus, 1767)

“…One promising species for tropical aquaculture ( Lagreze-Squella et al, 2018 ) is the clam Anomalocardia flexuosa , which is distributed from the Caribbean to Brazil ( Abbott, 2011 ), and plays an important role in feeding and in the income of traditional communities ( Rios, 2009 ). Hatchery production methodologies based on feeding, maturation, reproduction, larviculture and settlement events under controlled laboratory conditions have been developed for this species ( Lavander et al, 2014 ; Lagreze-Squella et al, 2018 ; Lima et al, 2018 ).…”