Mapping Application for Penguin Populations and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD): data and tools for dynamic management and decision support

Humphries, Grant R. W.; Naveen, Ron; Schwaller, M.; Che‐Castaldo, Christian; McDowall, Philip; Schrimpf, Michael B.; Lynch, Heather J.

doi:10.1017/s0032247417000055

Cited by 80 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These models were then each weighted by the size of the chinstrap penguin population in order to predict at-sea areas of high penguin density, noting that the most comprehensive dataset of chinstrap penguin population size (Humphries et al 2017) in this region includes several counts that are approximately three decades old and are often associated with order-of-magnitude level uncertainty.…”

Section: Application Of the Model To Consider The Foraging Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such competition will impact both prey availability and the suitability of preferred foraging areas for predators (Wakefield et al 2013). (lower panel) The major chinstrap penguin colonies in the study region (red circles scaled to represent relative population size (smallest circle to largest circle <10,000 to >200,000); from Humphries et al (2017). Krill availability is presumed to 1, 48.2, 48.3, and 48.4 are shown in red, as are the boundaries of the CCAMLR Small Scale Management Units (SSMU) for the krill fishery in black.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing fishery development in sensitive ecosystems: identifying penguin habitat use to direct management in Antarctica

et al. 2018

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2018. Managing fishery development in sensitive ecosystems: identifying penguin habitat use to direct management in Antarctica. Ecosphere 9(8):Abstract. In the Southern Ocean, the at-sea distributions of most predators of Antarctic krill are poorly known, primarily because tracking studies have only been undertaken on a restricted set of species, and then only at a limited number of sites. For chinstrap penguins, one of the most abundant krill predators breeding across the Antarctic Peninsula, we show that habitat models developed utilizing the distance from the colony and the bearing to the shelf-edge, adjusting for the at-sea density of Pygoscelis penguins from other colonies, can be used to predict, with a high level of confidence, the at-sea distribution of chinstrap penguins from untracked colonies during the breeding season. Comparison of predicted penguin distributions with outputs from a high-resolution oceanographic model shows that chinstrap penguins prefer nearshore habitats, over shallow bathymetry, with slow-flowing waters, but that they sometimes also travel to areas beyond the edge of the continental shelf where the faster-flowing waters of the Coastal Current or the fronts of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current occur. In the slow-moving shelf waters, large penguin colonies may lead to krill depletion during incubation and chick-rearing periods when penguins are acting as central place foragers. The habitats used by chinstrap penguins are also locations preferentially used by the commercial krill fishery, one of the last under-developed marine capture fisheries anywhere on the planet. As it develops, this fishery has the potential to compete with chinstrap penguins and other natural krill predators. Scaling our habitat models by chinstrap penguin population data demonstrates where overlap with the fishery is likely to be most important. Our results suggest that a better understanding of krill retention and krill depletion in areas used by natural predators and by the krill fishery are needed, and that risk management strategies for the fishery should include assessment of how krill movement can satisfy the demands of both natural predators and the fishery across a range of spatial and temporal scales. Such information will help regional management authorities better understand how plausible ecosystem-based management frameworks could be developed to ensure sustainable co-existence of the fishery and competing natural predators.

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Section: Application Of the Model To Consider The Foraging Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing fishery development in sensitive ecosystems: identifying penguin habitat use to direct management in Antarctica

et al. 2018

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“…This is not an Fig. 1 a The known breeding localities of the Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae;data from Lynch and LaRue (2014) and Humphries et al (2017)), historic sightings of Adélie penguins in black dots (Prince and Croxall, 1983;Downes et al, 1959;Tuffy and Fazackerly, 1984;Ausilio and Zotier, 1989;Cossee and Mills, 1993;Morrison, 2013;Copson and Brothers, 2008) exceptional distance, as previously, vagrants have been observed approximately 500 to 3300 km from the closest breeding colony (Prince and Croxall, 1983;Downes et al, 1959;Tuffy and Fazackerly, 1984;Ausilio and Zotier, 1989;Cossee and Mills, 1993;Morrison, 2013;Copson and Brothers, 2008). Extralimital sightings of penguins, as observed in this study, could potentially be a result of navigational errors due to severe storms or anomalous ocean conditions acting independently or in concert with other factors such as young age or poor health (Woehler, 1992;Gorman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of an Adélie penguin at sub-Antarctic Marion island

2017

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Background: The sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Archipelago (46°53'S, 37°52'E), consisting of Marion and Prince Edward islands, is situated in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, approximately 2 600 km away from the closest Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding locality, Bouvet Island (54°25'S; 3°22'E). Methods: Two opportunistic sightings of an Adélie penguin at Marion Island on 28 October 2015 at Ship's Cove and Transvaal Cove, at 9 am and 5 pm respectively. Results and Conclusions: This is the first record of an Adélie penguin at Marion Island. An Adélie penguin was observed twice on the same day at two separate beaches approximately 2.5 km apart and appeared to be in good health. We assumed that the same penguin has been sighted twice due to the time lapse between the two sightings. Previously, 29 vagrant bird species have been recorded at Marion Island, including chinstrap (Pygoscelis Antarctica) and Magellanic (Spheniscus magellanicus) penguins. Extralimital sightings of penguins, as observed in this study, could potentially be a result of navigational errors due to severe storms or anomalous ocean conditions acting independently or in concert with other factors such as young age or poor health.

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“…At three of the four colonies in this study, data were avail- is likely to be due to spatial segregation from colonies to the west and may be due to inaccurate population estimates from nearby colonies. In this context, improving the future accuracy of colony population data (Humphries et al, 2017) might help to improve our models.…”

Section: Model Performance and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using habitat models for chinstrap penguins Pygoscelis antarctica to advise krill fisheries management during the penguin breeding season

Warwick-Evans

Ratcliffe

Lowther

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: To predict the at-sea distribution of chinstrap penguins across the South Orkney Islands and to quantify the overlap with the Southern Ocean krill fishery.Location: South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. Methods:Penguins from four colonies across the South Orkney Islands were tracked using global positioning systems (GPSs) and time depth recorders (TDRs). Relationships between a variety of environmental and geometric variables and the at-sea distribution of penguins were investigated using general additive models for the three main phases of the breeding season. Subsequently, the final models were extrapolated across the South Orkney archipelago to predict the at-sea distribution of penguins from colonies where no tracking data are available. Finally, the overlap between areas used by chinstrap penguins and the krill fishery was quantified. Results:The foraging distribution of chinstrap penguins can be predicted using two simple and static variables: the distance from the colony and the direction of travel towards the shelf-edge, while avoiding high densities of Pygoscelis penguins from other colonies. Additionally, we find that the chinstrap penguins breeding on the South Orkney Islands use areas which overlap with frequently used krill fishing areas and that this overlap is most prominent during the brood and crèche phases of the breeding season.Main conclusions: This is the first step in understanding the potential impacts of the krill fishery, for all colonies including those where no empirical tracking data are available. However, with the available data, it is not currently possible to infer an impact of the krill fisheries on penguins. With this in mind, we recommend the implementation of monitoring schemes to investigate the effects of prey depletion on predator populations and to ensure that management continues to follow a precautionary approach and is addressed at spatial and temporal scales relevant to ecosystem operation. K E Y W O R D SAntarctica, chinstrap penguin, fisheries overlap, habitat modelling, krill fishery, management, marine predator, Pygoscelis antarcticaThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Mapping Application for Penguin Populations and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD): data and tools for dynamic management and decision support

Cited by 80 publications

References 20 publications

Managing fishery development in sensitive ecosystems: identifying penguin habitat use to direct management in Antarctica

Managing fishery development in sensitive ecosystems: identifying penguin habitat use to direct management in Antarctica

First record of an Adélie penguin at sub-Antarctic Marion island

Using habitat models for chinstrap penguins Pygoscelis antarctica to advise krill fisheries management during the penguin breeding season

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