Mapping methane emissions from a marine geological seep source using imaging spectrometry

Roberts, Dar A.; Bradley, Eliza S.; Cheung, Ross; Leifer, Ira; Dennison, Philip E.; Margolis, J. S.

doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.015

Cited by 76 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The methane airborne mapper (MAMAP) retrieves methane in the SWIR at 1.6 µm, similar to SCIAMACHY, but currently lacks imaging capabilities. Imaging spectrometers initially designed for surface remote sensing have been shown to detect methane plumes with horizontal resolution as fine as 1 m either in the SWIR using the strong 2.3 µm band (Roberts et al, 2010;Thorpe et al, 2016) or in the TIR (Tratt et al, 2014;Hulley et al, 2016). These imaging spectrometers such as AVIRIS-NG (SWIR) and MAKO or HyTES (TIR) have much coarser spectral resolution than MAMAP or current satellite instruments (e.g., 5 nm for AVIRIS-NG).…”

Section: Observing Requirements For Regional and Point Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Methane is a greenhouse gas emitted by a range of natural and anthropogenic sources. Atmospheric methane has been measured continuously from space since 2003, and new instruments are planned for launch in the near future that will greatly expand the capabilities of space-based observations. We review the value of current, future, and proposed satellite observations to better quantify and understand methane emissions through inverse analyses, from the global scale down to the scale of point sources and in combination with suborbital (surface and aircraft) data. Current global observations from Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) are of high quality but have sparse spatial coverage. They can quantify methane emissions on a regional scale (100-1000 km) through multiyear averaging. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), to be launched in 2017, is expected to quantify daily emissions on the regional scale and will also effectively detect large point sources. A different observing strategy by GHGSat (launched in June 2016) is to target limited viewing domains with very fine pixel resolution in order to detect a wide range of methane point sources. Geostationary observation of methane, still in the proposal stage, will have the unique capability of mapping source regions with high resolution, detecting transient "super-emitter" point sources and resolving diurnal variation of emissions from sources such as wetlands and manure. Exploiting these rapidly expanding satellite measurement capabilities to quantify methane emissions requires a parallel effort to construct high-quality spatially and sectorally resolved emission inventories. Partnership between top-down inverse analyses of atmospheric data and bottom-up construction of emission inventories is crucial to better understanding methane emission processes and subsequently informing climate policy.

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Section: Observing Requirements For Regional and Point Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

et al. 2016

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“…HyTES incorporates a number of technologies, which presents a major advance in airborne TIR hyperspectral remote sensing measurements (Johnson et al, 2009(Johnson et al, , 2012. While hyperspectral imaging spectrometers operating in the visible to short-wave infrared spectrum (VSWIR, 1400-2500 nm), such as the Next Generation Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG) (Green et al, 1998), rely on reflected solar radiance to detect various chemical gas species such as methane (CH 4 ) (Roberts et al, 2010;Thompson et al, 2015;Thorpe et al, 2013Thorpe et al, , 2014, TIR spectrometers instead rely on the thermal emission and thermal contrast between ground and target gas alone. This has the advantage of making detection more robust over a wider range of land cover types independent of their reflective features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Currently large uncertainties exist associated with the attribution and quantification of fugitive emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases such as methane across large regions and key economic sectors. In this study, data from the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES) have been used to develop robust and reliable techniques for the detection and wide-area mapping of emission plumes of methane and other atmospheric trace gas species over challenging and diverse environmental conditions with high spatial resolution that permits direct attribution to sources. HyTES is a pushbroom imaging spectrometer with high spectral resolution (256 bands from 7.5 to 12 µm), wide swath (1-2 km), and high spatial resolution (∼ 2 m at 1 km altitude) that incorporates new thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing technologies. In this study we introduce a hybrid clutter matched filter (CMF) and plume dilation algorithm applied to HyTES observations to efficiently detect and characterize the spatial structures of individual plumes of CH 4 , H 2 S, NH 3 , NO 2 , and SO 2 emitters. The sensitivity and field of regard of HyTES allows rapid and frequent airborne surveys of large areas including facilities not readily accessible from the surface. The HyTES CMF algorithm produces plume intensity images of methane and other gases from strong emission sources. The combination of high spatial resolution and multi-species imaging capability provides source attribution in complex environments. The CMF-based detection of strong emission sources over large areas is a fast and powerful tool needed to focus on more computationally intensive retrieval algorithms to quantify emissions with error estimates, and is useful for expediting mitigation efforts and addressing critical science questions.

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“…Nevertheless, HSI can map surface composition with broadband absorption features to identify different minerals [Kruse et al, 1993] and rapidly collect spatial data. Recent HSI measurements in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) [Roberts et al, 2010] and TIR [Tratt et al, 2011] have demonstrated the value of high spatial resolution (subdecameter) information for detecting and mapping trace gas anomalies such as plumes, using diagnostic spectral features. We propose that combined TIR/ SWIR trace gas remote sensing provides synergies that justify leveraging the information from these different spectral regimes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…One SWIR-HSI instrument is the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS), which has mapped CH 4 , CO 2 , and water vapor plumes for strong heterogeneous sources [Spinetti et al, 2008;Roberts et al, 1997Roberts et al, , 2010Bradley et al, 2011]. One approach to retrieval of trace gas column abundance from AVIRIS data is to model surface albedo from nearby bands and then create a best fit to the spectra from water vapor, aerosols, etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Gas plume spectroscopy can be compromised over areas where the scene has significant clutter, nonuniform emissivity or reflectance (see section S2 in the online supplement), or variable water vapor [Roberts et al, 2010]. Thus, spectrally uniform scenes provide plume visualization advantages (see Figure S1 in the online supplement), while spectrally and thermally cluttered backgrounds complicate analysis (section S2 in the online supplement).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Remote sensing atmospheric trace gases with infrared imaging spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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Mapping methane emissions from a marine geological seep source using imaging spectrometry

Cited by 76 publications

References 47 publications

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

Satellite observations of atmospheric methane and their value for quantifying methane emissions

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

Remote sensing atmospheric trace gases with infrared imaging spectroscopy

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