Mapping of Hepatic Vascular Anatomy: Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Parallel MR Imaging Compared with 64–Detector Row CT

Non‐contrast‐enhanced MR portography with time‐spatial labeling inversion pulses: Comparison of imaging with three‐dimensional half‐fourier fast spin‐echo and true steady‐state free‐precession sequences

“…Currently, contrast-enhanced (CE) computed tomography (CT) or MRI is generally used for preoperative imaging of hepatic vascular anatomy (1,2). Three-dimensional (3D) CE MR portography has been shown to be as effective as digital subtraction angiography for assessing the portal vein (3,4).…”

Comparison of dynamic MRI at 3.0T and MDCT of pancreatobiliary disease: Evaluation with source, MPR, CPR, and MIP images for image quality and hepatic arterial and portal venous vessel conspicuity

“…These thinner images not only provide increased resolution and improved high-image quality, but also allow the production of excellent MPR and CPR images without the stair-step artifacts left by thicker slices. One frequently mentioned shortcoming of most MIP images using Gd-enhanced fast gradient-echo sequences is their limited spatial resolution compared with techniques such as CTA or digital subtraction angiography (5,21,22). Further, potential challenges exist when conducting contrast-enhanced MR angiography at higher field strength.…”

Combined parenchymal and vascular imaging: High spatiotemporal resolution arterial evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…The number of slices was adjusted per patient to provide full liver coverage. Following view‐sharing and parallel imaging, a 2‐point Dixon fat–water separation algorithm was used to generate water and fat images for each timepoint. For the precontrast phase, full k ‐space (ie, A + 3 B regions) without view‐sharing was acquired.…”

“…There is a dual blood supply in the normal liver through the hepatic arterial and portal venous systems; however, liver tumors derive 90% of their blood from the hepatic arterial system . Assessment of hepatic arterial anatomy prior to TACE is critical for preprocedural planning . In particular, accurate identification of variant arterial anatomy, extrahepatic tumor feeding branches, and a roadmap to segmental vessel (SV) to be embolized may aid pretreatment planning in HCC.…”