Mapping of integrated radon emanation for detection of long‐distance migration of gases within the Earth: Techniques and principles

Abstract

Integrated measurements of radon concentrations within the ground but close to the surface are being used extensively in searches for premonitory signals from earthquakes and in exploration for uranium. We present a description of the different components of the radon signals that may be present and describe methods for separating them. We also show quantitatively what signals the different radonintegrating devices are sensitive to, how readings in a given geometry can be related to actual concentrations in the soil gas under conditions of diffusional equilibrium, and what some of the effects of water in soil are. This knowledge allows the magnitude of the local contributions to be measured, so that distant signals can be recognized as departures from these values. The importance of recognizing where upward transport of soil gas occurs is emphasized.

Radon Variations in Soil and Groundwater of Bhilagana Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India

“…The measured radon concentrations in soil and groundwater ---------------------------Munsiari Thrust ------------------------------------------------------------ 6 3.6 ± 0.1 125.4 ± 3.8 S 8 , W 7 35.9 ± 1.1 --S 9 6.8 ± 0.2 --S 10 , W 7 18.6 ± 0.6 34.8 ± 1.0 S 11 40.1 ± 1.2 --S 12 38.5 ± 1.2 --S 13 6.5 ± 0.2 --S 14 …”

Radon exhalation rate in Chhatrapur beach sand samples of high background radiation area and estimation of its radiological implications

“…The calibration factor of 0.056 Tr cm -2 d -1 obtained from an earlier calibration experiment [17], was used to compute the radon activity from the track density. Following expression given the exhalation rate [16,18,19] :…”

“…The "Sealed Can Technique" using the solid-state nuclear track detectors, a simple and efficient method [16][17][18] was used for the radon exhalation measurements. Collected sand samples from the Chhatrapur Beach Placer Deposit were dried and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve and were dried and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve and were placed in the Cans (diameter 7.0 cm and height 7.5 cm) similar to those used in the calibration experiment [17].…”

Spatio-temporal Variation in Radon Concentration in Groundwater with Respect to Rock Types: A Case Study from Chitradurga District, Karnataka

“…Efforts have been made to correlate soil-gas radon concentrations with factors such as geology, soil porosity, shears, thrusts and faults (Horton and Rogers, 1945;Fleischer and Mogro-Campero, 1978;Nazaroff and Nero, 1988;Ramola et al 1989;Choubey et al 1994; Lee and Kim, 2006). Since, the radioactive isotope and their radiation risk in ground water and their relationship to the major rock types are intermittent in an area.…”