Mapping of Lineaments and Knowledge Base Preparation using Geomatics Techniques for part of the Godavari and Tapi Basins, India: A Case Study

Abstract

Earth consists of hard rock layers where water is restricted to secondary permeability, and thus to fractures and the weather zones. Structural geology studies, geologic lineaments and their pattern information are essential for better planning and execution of projects to avoid any natural hazards. Satellite images, aerial photographs and digital elevation models will give lineament information. Recent advances in digital image processing allow such lineament extraction to be accomplished in semi-automatic to fully automatic approaches. The accuracy of extracting lineaments depends strongly on the spatial resolution of the imagery, higher resolution imagery result in a higher quality of lineament map. In this paper, an attempt has been made for Mapping of lineaments and knowledge base preparation using geomatics techniques for part of the Godavari and Tapi Basins, India. A methodology for lineament extraction and the design of a knowledge-based lineament identification system has been proposed for geological aspects of any developmental activity. This methodology might potentially be adopted for the identification of several features of geological or anthropogenic origin. The study results of lineaments and the rose diagrams of the extracted lineaments can be applied to structural geology studies and their applications such as oreforming systems, mineral exploration, petroleum, nuclear energy facility sittings and water resource investigations, groundwater studies and also for finding suitable sites for dams and reservoirs.

Detection and analysis of morphotectonic features utilizing satellite remote sensing and GIS: An example in SW Jordan

“…This is probably because band 8 has a higher spatial resolution (15 m) than other images (30 m), which can easily lead to detection of numerous small lineaments. However, the quality of extracted lineaments depends mainly on the spatial resolution of the imagery; higher resolution imagery permits a more detailed detection of linear features (e.g., Hung et al, 2005;Prasad et al, 2013). An apparent tendency for a higher concentration of lineaments is observed over regions of high rugged topography and complex geological settings, which is particularly the case in the areas of the Precambrian to early Palaeozoic age.…”

Use of remote sensing and GIS techniques for groundwater exploration in the basement complex terrain of Ado-Ekiti, SW Nigeria

“…Data preparation (mainly digitizing), data pre-processing (georeferencing and resampling), data processing [edge detection and principal components analysis (PCA)], data analysis and integration (lineament extraction and statistics, geostatistical analysis, IDW) formed the basic methodology of this study (Hung et al 2005;Prasad et al 2013).…”

Evidence of topographic disequilibrium in the Subarnarekha River Basin, India: A digital elevation model based analysis

“…The six inputs required to extract the lineaments are respective values for the Radius of filter (in pixels), the Threshold for edge gradient, the Threshold for curve length, the Threshold for line fitting error, the Threshold for angular difference and the Threshold for linking distance parameters (Abdullah and Abdoh 2013; Geomatics 2015). The values were input following the different threshold values as suggested by Prasad et al (2013), Raj and Ahmed (2014) and Shankar et al (2016). The derived curvilinear features were then converted to vectors that were overlain on Google Earth imagery for visual comparison based accuracy assessment, suitably modified thereafter and finally extracted after such confirmation.…”