Mapping of the auditory area in the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres of the little brown bats, Myotis lucifugus

Jen, Philip H.‐S.; Vater, Marianne; Harnischfeger, G.; Rübsamen, Rudolf

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90275-4

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although other auditory centers project to the pontine grey in bats (Olsen, 1986;Schuller et al, 1991) and other mammals (Kawamura and Chiba, 1979;Hashikawa, 1983;Azizi et a]., 1985;Aas, 19891, the strong ICC input exclusive to bats suggests that auditory pontine neurons and their targets in the cerebellum serve a more specialized, biosonar-related role. Indeed, cerebellar auditory neurons in the mustached bat respond predominantly to biosonar frequencies (Jen et al, 1982;Horikawa and Suga, 19861, as do auditory neurons in pontine nuclei (Schuller et al, 1991;Kamada et al, 1992) and the cerebellar cortex (Jen and Schlegel, 1980;Jen et al, 1981;Sun et al, 1990) of other bat species.…”

Section: Extrathalamic Projections Of Iccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustacbed bat: Targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei

Wenstrup

Larue

Winer

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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This study examined the output of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body and other parts of the nervous system in the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). Small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase, [3H]leucine, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, or biocytin) were made at physiologically defined sites in the central nucleus representing major components of the bat's echolocation signal. The topography, frequency specificity, and axonal morphology of these outputs were studied. The medial geniculate body was a major target of inferior collicular neurons, with three distinct input patterns. The projection to the ventral division was tonotopically organized, but had a relatively sparse contribution from neurons representing frequency modulated components of the biosonar pulse. The second input was to the rostral medial geniculate body, in which projections from inferior collicular neurons representing constant frequency sonar components were separated from those representing frequency modulated components. A third input was to the suprageniculate nucleus, which received strong, topographically arranged projections. Inputs to the dorsal nucleus and medial division were also observed. Extrathalamic regions receiving input included the pontine gray, external nucleus of the inferior colliculus, pericollicular tegmentum, nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus, and pretectum. These central nucleus projections differed in organization and the structure of axon terminals, suggesting different physiological influences on their target nuclei. These results demonstrate that the central nucleus has divergent projections to various sensory and premotor nuclei, besides its well-established projection to the medial geniculate body.

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Section: Extrathalamic Projections Of Iccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustacbed bat: Targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei

Wenstrup

Larue

Winer

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Since then, cerebellar neurons responding to acoustic stimuli have been reported in cats (Aitkin and Boyd 1975;Altman etal. 1976;Freeman 1970;Highstein and Coleman 1968;Jastreboff and Tarnecki 1975a, b;Shofer and Nahvi 1969;Wolfe 1972), monkeys (Larson et al 1978;Mortimer 1975), rats (Azizi et al 1985) and bats (Horikawa and Suga 1986;Jen 1982;Jen and Schlegel 1980;Jen et al 1981Jen et al , 1982Jen et al , 1984Sun et al 1983Sun et al , 1987. Possible cerebellar auditory pathways in these animals have been studied either anatomically or electrophysiologically (Azizi et al 1985;Brodal 1972Brodal , 1982Burne et al 1978;Diamond et al 1969;Gacek 1973;Henson et al 1968;Huang et al 1982;Kawamura 1975;Kawamura and Brodal 1973;Mihailoff etal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the auditory cortex on acoustically evoked cerebellar responses in the CF-FM bat, Rhinolophus pearsonic chinesis

Sun

Jen

1990

J Comp Physiol A

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1. Acoustically evoked responses of 284 neurons isolated from the cerebellar vermis, hemispheres and paraflocculus of Rhinolophus pearsonic chinesis were studied under free field acoustic stimulation conditions. 2. The BFs of these cerebellar auditory neurons ranged from 24 to 76 kHz but they mostly fall either between 48 and 64 kHz or between 65 and 76 kHz. However, the BF distribution varies among vermal, hemispheric and parafloccular neurons. 3. Threshold curves of cerebellar neurons are generally broad but those tuned to the frequency of the predominant CF component are extremely narrow. 4. Response latencies of cerebellar neurons ranged from 2 to 48 ms suggesting multiple auditory cerebellar pathways. The latency distribution also varies among vermal, hemispheric and parafloccular neurons. 5. Although both the vermis and hemispheres contain a disproportionate number of 65-74 kHz neurons, the response latencies of those neurons isolated from the vermis are scattered over a wide range of 2.2-28 ms while those neurons isolated from the hemispheres are generally stabilized between 5 and 12 ms. 6. Electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex evokes discharges from a recorded cerebellar auditory neuron. Cortical stimulation also facilitates the response of an acoustically evoked cerebellar neuron by increasing its number of impulses. The degree of facilitation is dependent upon the amplitude of the acoustic stimulus. 7. For a given electrical and acoustic stimulation condition, the facilitative latency and the degree of facilitation varied with the interstimulus interval. Among 23 neurons studied, most of them (19 neurons, 82.6%) had a maximal facilitative latency between 2 and 10 ms. 8. By examining the difference in the facilitative effect in each isolated cerebellar auditory neuron before and after a topical application of local anesthetic, procaine, onto the point of electrical stimulation in the auditory cortex, we found that the facilitative pathways to vermal and hemispheric neurons may be different from the pathway to parafloccular neurons. 9. Possible auditory pathways to different parts of the cerebellum are discussed in relation to the wide range of recorded response latencies. 10. The facilitative influence of the auditory cortex on the cerebellar auditory neurons is assumed to enhance the cerebellar role in acoustic motor orientation.

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“…However, a second remarkable feature of the Microchiroptera is that they use echolocation for guidance and to hunt prey (see, e.g., Ulanovsky and Moss,2008). Previous studies of the neural pathways of echolocation have revealed an important role for the cerebellum (see, e.g., Jen and Schlegel,1980; Sun et al,1983a,1987), and electrophysiological mapping studies of the mustache bat ( Pteronotus parnellii parnellii ) have shown that both the CZ and the prominent hemispheres contain numerous Purkinje cells that respond to auditory stimuli related to sound source trajectories (Jen et al,1981; Sun et al,1983b; Horikawa and Suga,1986; as in other mammals, e.g., cat, Wolfe,1972; Huang and Liu,1985; rat, Azizi et al,1985). No high‐resolution somatotopic mapping of bat cerebellar auditory response fields has been published, but preliminary reports describe a tonotopic fractured somatotopy (Sun et al,1983b) reminiscent of the tactile receptive fields mapped in rodents (see, e.g., Shambes et al,1978; Welker,1987; Hallem et al,1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purkinje cell compartmentation of the cerebellum of microchiropteran bats

Kim

Marzban

Chung

et al. 2009

J of Comparative Neurology

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Transverse boundaries divide the mammalian cerebellar cortex into transverse zones, and within each zone the cortex is further subdivided into a symmetrical array of parasagittal stripes. This topography is highly conserved across the Mammalia. Bats have a remarkable cerebellum with presumed adaptations to flight and to echolocation, but nothing is known of its compartmentation. We have therefore used two Purkinje cell compartmentation antigens, zebrin II/aldolase C and phospholipase Cbeta4, to reveal the topography of the cerebellum in microchiropteran bats. Three species of bat were studied, Lasiurus cinereus, Lasionycteris noctivagans, and Eptesicus fuscus. A reproducible pattern of zones and stripes was revealed that is similar across the three species. The architecture of the bat cerebellum conforms to the ground plan of other mammals. However, two exceptions to the highly conserved mammalian architectural plan were revealed. First, many Purkinje cells in lobule I express zebrin II. A zebrin II-immunopositive lobule I has not been seen previously in mammals but is characteristic of the avian cerebellum. Second, lobules VI-VII comprise the large central zone. Within the central zone two subdomains are evident, a small anterior subdomain (lobule VI) in which Purkinje cells are predominantly zebrin II-immunopositive/PLCbeta4-immunonegative, as in other mammals, and a posterior subdomain (lobule VII), in which alternating zebrin II/phospholipase Cbeta4 stripes are prominent.

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Mapping of the auditory area in the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres of the little brown bats, Myotis lucifugus

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustacbed bat: Targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustacbed bat: Targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei

The influence of the auditory cortex on acoustically evoked cerebellar responses in the CF-FM bat, Rhinolophus pearsonic chinesis

Purkinje cell compartmentation of the cerebellum of microchiropteran bats

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