Mapping Robust Genetic Variants Associated with Exercise Responses

Abstract

This review summarised robust and consistent genetic variants associated with aerobic-related and resistance-related phenotypes. In total we highlight 12 SNPs and 7 SNPs that are robustly associated with variance in aerobic-related and resistance-related phenotypes respectively. To date, there is very little literature ascribed to understanding the interplay between genes and environmental factors and the development of physiological traits. We discuss future directions, including large-scale exercise studies to elucidate the functional relevance of the discovered genomic markers. This approach will allow more rigour and reproducible research in the field of exercise genomics.

Causes and Consequences of Interindividual Response Variability: A Call to Apply a More Rigorous Research Design in Acute Exercise-Cognition Studies

“…There is considerable evidence highlighting the prominent influence of the genotype on the responsiveness of a single individual in (i) physical performance parameters (Bouchard et al, 1999(Bouchard et al, , 2011(Bouchard et al, , 2012(Bouchard et al, , 2015Timmons et al, 2010;Puthucheary et al, 2011;Timmons, 2011;Costa et al, 2012;Pickering and Kiely, 2017;Sarzynski et al, 2017;Williams et al, 2017;Alvarez-Romero et al, 2020), (ii) brain structure (Thompson et al, 2001;Toga and Thompson, 2005;Bueller et al, 2006;Peper et al, 2007;Yoon et al, 2010), (iii) brain function (Anokhin et al, 2006;Blokland et al, 2008;Makris et al, 2009;Glahn et al, 2010), and (iv) cognition (McClearn, 1997;Anokhin et al, 2003;Goldberg and Weinberger, 2004;Blokland et al, 2008;Friedman et al, 2008). Undoubtedly, the gain of knowledge in this direction will help us to better tailor the exercise prescriptions according to an individual's characteristics (Herold et al, 2019(Herold et al, , 2020cBarha et al, 2021a).…”

“…In this context, there is some evidence showing that genetic factors (e.g., specific gene variants) predict a certain degree of variance in the training adaptations with regard to a specific outcome parameter (e.g., VO 2MAX ; Bouchard et al, 1999Bouchard et al, , 2011Timmons et al, 2010;Bouchard, 2012Bouchard, , 2019. While the variance explained by genetic variants Frontiers in Physiology | www.frontiersin.org has a relatively wide range (e.g., from 22 to 57% for VO 2MAX ; Zadro et al, 2017), some of these genetic variants have been frequently associated with variance of an outcome parameter (e.g., VO 2MAX ) across different studies (for review, see Alvarez-Romero et al, 2020). However, there is limited evidence linking those genetic factors to key physiological pathways being causal to drive adaptations (e.g., changes in stroke volume; Joyner and Lundby, 2018;Joyner, 2019a,b).…”

DNA methylation and proteomics integration uncover dose-dependent group and individual responses to exercise in human skeletal muscle

“…High throughput unbiased OMIC analyses, including genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomics and proteomics, have become more readily available and are increasingly used to robustly identify exercise marks in healthy and diseased populations [10; 11]. While genomic and transcriptomic control of exercise adaptations have been well studied in both athletes and the general population [11-14], epigenetic [15-18] and untargeted proteomic analyses [19; 20] are fairly new in this field of research [17; 21].…”

Identificação de um perfil poligênico associado a respostas ao treinamento de força

“…As adaptações provenientes do TF têm sido de grande interesse da literatura científica (GARBER et al 2011;STÖREN et al 2008;SAUNDERS et al 2004;POLLOCK et al 2000), destacando entre elas, a melhora na força muscular e o aumento na área de secção transversa (AST) (STÖREN et al 2008;GARBER et al 2011). Essas pesquisas têm apresentado a influência do fatores genéticos nesses fenótipos (REED et al 1991;CARMELI et al 2000;TIAINEN et al 2005) e muitas têm procurado identificar quais seriam esses fatores (THIBAULT et al1986;BOUCHARD et al 1986;EYNON et al 2011;PUTCHUCHEARY et al 2011;WILLIANS e FOLLAND 2008;TIMMONS et al 2010;BUXENS et al 2010;HUGHES et al 2011;THOMAES et al 2013;MASSIDA et al 2014;JONES et al 2016;HE et al 2018;WEYERSTRAB et al 2018;HARVEY et al 2019;ALVAREZ-ROMERO et al 2020 Além disso, os valores percentuais identificados em nossos resultados são muito condizentes com percentuais de variabilidade reportados na literatura.…”

“…1998;GAYGAY et al 1998), a literatura recente tem enfatizado a necessidade do estabelecimento de modelos poligênicos que expliquem, pelo menos em parte, a variação nos fenótipos e nas respostas ao treinamento (COLLINS et al 2004;LUCIA et al 2007;THOMAES et al 2013;MASSIDA et al 2014). Isso porque é muito provável que, dadas as características multifatoriais dos fenótipos mais importantes para o desempenho físico e esportivo, para a função e para a saúde, um único polimorfismo possa não explicar de maneira satisfatória como fatores genéticos influenciam tais fenótipos (TIMMONS et al 2010;BOUCHARD et al 2011) O número de pesquisas com o objetivo de traçar perfis poligênicos para o desempenho físico têm crescido (WILLIANS e FOLLAND 2008;TIMMONS et al 2010;BUXENS et al 2010;HUGHES et al 2011;THOMAES et al 2013;MASSIDA et al 2014;JONES et al 2016;HE et al 2018;WEYERSTRAB et al 2018;HARVEY et al 2019;ALVAREZ-ROMERO et al 2020). Um estudo sobre essa temática que merece destaque é o realizado por Willians e Folland (2008).…”