Mapping spatial frequency preferences across human primary visual cortex

Broderick, William F.; Simoncelli, Eero P.; Winawer, Jonathan

doi:10.1167/jov.22.4.3

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…There are mixed findings regarding SF selectivity across eccentricity. On the one hand, similar SF bandwidth across eccentricity has been reported for V1 neurons in monkeys (De Valois et al, 1982a;Foster et al, 1985) and V1 voxels in humans (Broderick et al, 2022). On the other hand, another fMRI study reported that the SF bandwidth of V1 voxels increases with eccentricity (Aghajari et al, 2020).…”

Section: Featural Representations Differ Between Fovea and Perifoveasupporting

confidence: 73%

“…On the other hand, another fMRI study reported that the SF bandwidth of V1 voxels increases with eccentricity (Aghajari et al, 2020). This discrepancy might relate to the task design: Whereas Broderick et al (2022) used stimuli that span a broad range of orientations and SFs, Aghajari et al (2020) used stimuli defined by narrow SFs.…”

Section: Featural Representations Differ Between Fovea and Perifoveamentioning

confidence: 98%

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Featural representation and internal noise underlie the eccentricity effect in contrast sensitivity

Xue

Fernández

Carrasco

2023

Preprint

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Visual performance for basic visual dimensions (e.g., contrast sensitivity and acuity) peaks at the fovea and decreases with eccentricity. The eccentricity effect is related to larger surface area of the visual cortex corresponding to the fovea, but it is unknown if feature tuning differs across eccentricity and contributes to this eccentricity effect. Here, we investigated two system-level computations underlying the eccentricity effect: featural representation (tuning) and internal noise. Observers detected a Gabor embedded in filtered white noise which appeared at the fovea or one of four perifoveal locations. We used psychophysical reverse correlation to estimate the weights assigned by the visual system to a range of orientations and spatial frequencies in noisy stimuli, conventionally interpreted as perceptual sensitivity to the corresponding features. We found higher sensitivity to task-relevant orientations and SFs at the fovea than perifovea, and no difference in selectivity for either orientation or spatial frequency. Meanwhile, we measured response consistency using a double-pass method, which allowed us to infer the level of internal noise by implementing a noisy observer model. We found lower internal noise at the fovea than perifovea. Finally, individual variability in contrast sensitivity correlated with sensitivity to and selectivity for task-relevant features and with internal noise. Moreover, the behavioral eccentricity effect mainly reflects the foveal advantage in orientation sensitivity compared to other computations. These findings suggest that the eccentricity effect stems from a better representation of task-relevant features and lower internal noise at the fovea than at the perifovea.

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Section: Featural Representations Differ Between Fovea and Perifoveasupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Featural Representations Differ Between Fovea and Perifoveamentioning

confidence: 98%

Featural representation and internal noise underlie the eccentricity effect in contrast sensitivity

Xue

Fernández

Carrasco

2023

Preprint

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“…What other visual properties might correlate with cortical magnification around the visual field? It is likely that properties for which perceptual polar angle asymmetries exist, and for which V1 neurons are tuned, could also correlate with cortical magnification; for example, acuity 3 , 24 and spatial frequency preference 91 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking individual differences in human primary visual cortex to contrast sensitivity around the visual field

2022

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A central question in neuroscience is how the organization of cortical maps relates to perception, for which human primary visual cortex (V1) is an ideal model system. V1 nonuniformly samples the retinal image, with greater cortical magnification (surface area per degree of visual field) at the fovea than periphery and at the horizontal than vertical meridian. Moreover, the size and cortical magnification of V1 varies greatly across individuals. Here, we used fMRI and psychophysics in the same observers to quantify individual differences in V1 cortical magnification and contrast sensitivity at the four polar angle meridians. Across observers, the overall size of V1 and localized cortical magnification positively correlated with contrast sensitivity. Moreover, greater cortical magnification and higher contrast sensitivity at the horizontal than the vertical meridian were strongly correlated. These data reveal a link between cortical anatomy and visual perception at the level of individual observer and stimulus location.

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Section: Extending the Link Between Brain And Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking individual differences in human primary visual cortex to contrast sensitivity around the visual field

Himmelberg

Winawer

Carrasco

2021

Preprint

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The size and organization of primary visual cortex (V1) varies across individuals. Across individuals, V1 size varies more than twofold. Within individuals, cortical magnification varies with eccentricity and polar angle. Contrast sensitivity has been hypothesized to be limited by cortical resources, and specifically by the number of activated V1 neurons. Here, we quantify the relation between contrast sensitivity and V1 cortical magnification as a function of both individual observers and polar angle. We measured contrast sensitivity at four polar angle meridians in 29 observers. We then used fMRI to measure the size of V1 in the same observers, and the amount of surface area representing the same four meridians as the contrast sensitivity measurements (wedge-ROIs within 15 deg of the meridians, extending from 1 to 8 deg eccentricity). We found that: First, average contrast sensitivity per observer (averaged across polar angles) was predicted by the overall size of V1. Second, contrast sensitivity at each polar angle location was correlated with the surface area of the wedge-ROIs centered at the corresponding meridian. Third, the increases for contrast sensitivity and cortical magnification at the horizontal compared to vertical meridian (horizontal-vertical anisotropy, 'HVA') were strongly correlated: a larger HVA in contrast sensitivity corresponded to a larger HVA in cortical magnification. These results reveal that contrast sensitivity and cortical magnification co-vary across observers and demonstrate a link between perceptual polar angle asymmetries and cortical anatomy. Broadly, the results show a link between visual perception and the idiosyncratic cortical organization of V1 of neurotypical observers.

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Mapping spatial frequency preferences across human primary visual cortex

Cited by 19 publications

References 82 publications

Featural representation and internal noise underlie the eccentricity effect in contrast sensitivity

Featural representation and internal noise underlie the eccentricity effect in contrast sensitivity

Linking individual differences in human primary visual cortex to contrast sensitivity around the visual field

Linking individual differences in human primary visual cortex to contrast sensitivity around the visual field

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